| 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313 |
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/xhtml;charset=UTF-8"/>
- <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=9"/>
- <title>Cubic Spline Interpolation</title>
- <title>CMSIS-DSP: Cubic Spline Interpolation</title>
- <link href="tabs.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
- <link href="cmsis.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
- <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="dynsections.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="printComponentTabs.js"></script>
- <link href="navtree.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="resize.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="navtree.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- $(document).ready(initResizable);
- $(window).load(resizeHeight);
- </script>
- <link href="search/search.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="search/search.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- $(document).ready(function() { searchBox.OnSelectItem(0); });
- </script>
- </head>
- <body>
- <div id="top"><!-- do not remove this div, it is closed by doxygen! -->
- <div id="titlearea">
- <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
- <tbody>
- <tr style="height: 46px;">
- <td id="projectlogo"><img alt="Logo" src="CMSIS_Logo_Final.png"/></td>
- <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">
- <div id="projectname">CMSIS-DSP
-  <span id="projectnumber">Version 1.8.0</span>
- </div>
- <div id="projectbrief">CMSIS DSP Software Library</div>
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </div>
- <!-- end header part -->
- <div id="CMSISnav" class="tabs1">
- <ul class="tablist">
- <script type="text/javascript">
- <!--
- writeComponentTabs.call(this);
- //-->
- </script>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <!-- Generated by Doxygen 1.8.6 -->
- <script type="text/javascript">
- var searchBox = new SearchBox("searchBox", "search",false,'Search');
- </script>
- <div id="navrow1" class="tabs">
- <ul class="tablist">
- <li><a href="index.html"><span>Main Page</span></a></li>
- <li><a href="pages.html"><span>Usage and Description</span></a></li>
- <li><a href="modules.html"><span>Reference</span></a></li>
- <li>
- <div id="MSearchBox" class="MSearchBoxInactive">
- <span class="left">
- <img id="MSearchSelect" src="search/mag_sel.png"
- onmouseover="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectShow()"
- onmouseout="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectHide()"
- alt=""/>
- <input type="text" id="MSearchField" value="Search" accesskey="S"
- onfocus="searchBox.OnSearchFieldFocus(true)"
- onblur="searchBox.OnSearchFieldFocus(false)"
- onkeyup="searchBox.OnSearchFieldChange(event)"/>
- </span><span class="right">
- <a id="MSearchClose" href="javascript:searchBox.CloseResultsWindow()"><img id="MSearchCloseImg" border="0" src="search/close.png" alt=""/></a>
- </span>
- </div>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </div><!-- top -->
- <div id="side-nav" class="ui-resizable side-nav-resizable">
- <div id="nav-tree">
- <div id="nav-tree-contents">
- <div id="nav-sync" class="sync"></div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div id="splitbar" style="-moz-user-select:none;"
- class="ui-resizable-handle">
- </div>
- </div>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- $(document).ready(function(){initNavTree('group__SplineInterpolate.html','');});
- </script>
- <div id="doc-content">
- <!-- window showing the filter options -->
- <div id="MSearchSelectWindow"
- onmouseover="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectShow()"
- onmouseout="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectHide()"
- onkeydown="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectKey(event)">
- <a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(0)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>All</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(1)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Data Structures</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(2)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Namespaces</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(3)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Files</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(4)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Functions</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(5)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Variables</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(6)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Typedefs</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(7)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Enumerations</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(8)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Enumerator</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(9)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Macros</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(10)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Groups</a><a class="SelectItem" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="searchBox.OnSelectItem(11)"><span class="SelectionMark"> </span>Pages</a></div>
- <!-- iframe showing the search results (closed by default) -->
- <div id="MSearchResultsWindow">
- <iframe src="javascript:void(0)" frameborder="0"
- name="MSearchResults" id="MSearchResults">
- </iframe>
- </div>
- <div class="header">
- <div class="summary">
- <a href="#func-members">Functions</a> </div>
- <div class="headertitle">
- <div class="title">Cubic Spline Interpolation<div class="ingroups"><a class="el" href="group__groupSupport.html">Support Functions</a></div></div> </div>
- </div><!--header-->
- <div class="contents">
- <table class="memberdecls">
- <tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a name="func-members"></a>
- Functions</h2></td></tr>
- <tr class="memitem:ga4ef053a783b251b085454b28f8aecb94"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="group__SplineInterpolate.html#ga4ef053a783b251b085454b28f8aecb94">arm_spline_f32</a> (<a class="el" href="structarm__spline__instance__f32.html">arm_spline_instance_f32</a> *<a class="el" href="arm__bayes__example__f32_8c.html#ad5af783c9e1eb1514dec0a59dac35eb7">S</a>, const <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> *xq, <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> *pDst, uint32_t <a class="el" href="arm__variance__example__f32_8c.html#ab6558f40a619c2502fbc24c880fd4fb0">blockSize</a>)</td></tr>
- <tr class="memdesc:ga4ef053a783b251b085454b28f8aecb94"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Processing function for the floating-point cubic spline interpolation. <a href="#ga4ef053a783b251b085454b28f8aecb94">More...</a><br/></td></tr>
- <tr class="separator:ga4ef053a783b251b085454b28f8aecb94"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
- <tr class="memitem:ga5370a3c4a213e15bf57726406ec52ae0"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="group__SplineInterpolate.html#ga5370a3c4a213e15bf57726406ec52ae0">arm_spline_init_f32</a> (<a class="el" href="structarm__spline__instance__f32.html">arm_spline_instance_f32</a> *<a class="el" href="arm__bayes__example__f32_8c.html#ad5af783c9e1eb1514dec0a59dac35eb7">S</a>, <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a545cad4aaf64955a2d2e93d7e806bcd7">arm_spline_type</a> type, const <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> *x, const <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> *y, uint32_t n, <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> *coeffs, <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> *tempBuffer)</td></tr>
- <tr class="memdesc:ga5370a3c4a213e15bf57726406ec52ae0"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Initialization function for the floating-point cubic spline interpolation. <a href="#ga5370a3c4a213e15bf57726406ec52ae0">More...</a><br/></td></tr>
- <tr class="separator:ga5370a3c4a213e15bf57726406ec52ae0"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
- </table>
- <a name="details" id="details"></a><h2 class="groupheader">Description</h2>
- <p>Spline interpolation is a method of interpolation where the interpolant is a piecewise-defined polynomial called "spline".</p>
- <dl class="section user"><dt>Introduction</dt><dd></dd></dl>
- <p>Given a function f defined on the interval [a,b], a set of n nodes x(i) where a=x(1)<x(2)<...<x(n)=b and a set of n values y(i) = f(x(i)), a cubic spline interpolant S(x) is defined as:</p>
- <pre>
- S1(x) x(1) < x < x(2)
- S(x) = ...
- Sn-1(x) x(n-1) < x < x(n)
- </pre><p>where</p>
- <pre>
- Si(x) = a_i+b_i(x-xi)+c_i(x-xi)^2+d_i(x-xi)^3 i=1, ..., n-1
- </pre><dl class="section user"><dt>Algorithm</dt><dd></dd></dl>
- <p>Having defined h(i) = x(i+1) - x(i)</p>
- <pre>
- h(i-1)c(i-1)+2[h(i-1)+h(i)]c(i)+h(i)c(i+1) = 3/h(i)*[a(i+1)-a(i)]-3/h(i-1)*[a(i)-a(i-1)] i=2, ..., n-1
- </pre><p>It is possible to write the previous conditions in matrix form (Ax=B). In order to solve the system two boundary conidtions are needed.</p>
- <ul>
- <li>Natural spline: S1''(x1)=2*c(1)=0 ; Sn''(xn)=2*c(n)=0 In matrix form:</li>
- </ul>
- <pre>
- | 1 0 0 ... 0 0 0 || c(1) | | 0 |
- | h(0) 2[h(0)+h(1)] h(1) ... 0 0 0 || c(2) | | 3/h(2)*[a(3)-a(2)]-3/h(1)*[a(2)-a(1)] |
- | ... ... ... ... ... ... ... || ... |=| ... |
- | 0 0 0 ... h(n-2) 2[h(n-2)+h(n-1)] h(n-1) || c(n-1) | | 3/h(n-1)*[a(n)-a(n-1)]-3/h(n-2)*[a(n-1)-a(n-2)] |
- | 0 0 0 ... 0 0 1 || c(n) | | 0 |
- </pre><ul>
- <li>Parabolic runout spline: S1''(x1)=2*c(1)=S2''(x2)=2*c(2) ; Sn-1''(xn-1)=2*c(n-1)=Sn''(xn)=2*c(n) In matrix form:</li>
- </ul>
- <pre>
- | 1 -1 0 ... 0 0 0 || c(1) | | 0 |
- | h(0) 2[h(0)+h(1)] h(1) ... 0 0 0 || c(2) | | 3/h(2)*[a(3)-a(2)]-3/h(1)*[a(2)-a(1)] |
- | ... ... ... ... ... ... ... || ... |=| ... |
- | 0 0 0 ... h(n-2) 2[h(n-2)+h(n-1)] h(n-1) || c(n-1) | | 3/h(n-1)*[a(n)-a(n-1)]-3/h(n-2)*[a(n-1)-a(n-2)] |
- | 0 0 0 ... 0 -1 1 || c(n) | | 0 |
- </pre><p>A is a tridiagonal matrix (a band matrix of bandwidth 3) of size N=n+1. The factorization algorithms (A=LU) can be simplified considerably because a large number of zeros appear in regular patterns. The Crout method has been used: 1) Solve LZ=B</p>
- <pre>
- u(1,2) = A(1,2)/A(1,1)
- z(1) = B(1)/l(11)</pre><pre> FOR i=2, ..., N-1
- l(i,i) = A(i,i)-A(i,i-1)u(i-1,i)
- u(i,i+1) = a(i,i+1)/l(i,i)
- z(i) = [B(i)-A(i,i-1)z(i-1)]/l(i,i)</pre><pre> l(N,N) = A(N,N)-A(N,N-1)u(N-1,N)
- z(N) = [B(N)-A(N,N-1)z(N-1)]/l(N,N)
- </pre><p>2) Solve UX=Z</p>
- <pre>
- c(N)=z(N)</pre><pre> FOR i=N-1, ..., 1
- c(i)=z(i)-u(i,i+1)c(i+1)
- </pre><p>c(i) for i=1, ..., n-1 are needed to compute the n-1 polynomials. b(i) and d(i) are computed as:</p>
- <ul>
- <li>b(i) = [y(i+1)-y(i)]/h(i)-h(i)*[c(i+1)+2*c(i)]/3</li>
- <li>d(i) = [c(i+1)-c(i)]/[3*h(i)] Moreover, a(i)=y(i).</li>
- </ul>
- <dl class="section user"><dt>Behaviour outside the given intervals</dt><dd></dd></dl>
- <p>It is possible to compute the interpolated vector for x values outside the input range (xq<x(1); xq>x(n)). The coefficients used to compute the y values for xq<x(1) are going to be the ones used for the first interval, while for xq>x(n) the coefficients used for the last interval.</p>
- <dl class="section user"><dt>Initialization function</dt><dd></dd></dl>
- <p>The initialization function takes as input two arrays that the user has to allocate: <code>coeffs</code> will contain the b, c, and d coefficients for the (n-1) intervals (n is the number of known points), hence its size must be 3*(n-1); <code>tempBuffer</code> is temporally used for internal computations and its size is n+n-1.</p>
- <dl class="section user"><dt></dt><dd></dd></dl>
- <p>The x input array must be strictly sorted in ascending order and it must not contain twice the same value (x(i)<x(i+1)). </p>
- <h2 class="groupheader">Function Documentation</h2>
- <a class="anchor" id="ga4ef053a783b251b085454b28f8aecb94"></a>
- <div class="memitem">
- <div class="memproto">
- <table class="memname">
- <tr>
- <td class="memname">void arm_spline_f32 </td>
- <td>(</td>
- <td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="structarm__spline__instance__f32.html">arm_spline_instance_f32</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>S</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype">const <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>xq</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>pDst</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype">uint32_t </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>blockSize</em> </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td></td>
- <td>)</td>
- <td></td><td></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </div><div class="memdoc">
- <dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
- <table class="params">
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">S</td><td>points to an instance of the floating-point spline structure. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">xq</td><td>points to the x values ot the interpolated data points. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[out]</td><td class="paramname">pDst</td><td>points to the block of output data. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">blockSize</td><td>number of samples of output data. </td></tr>
- </table>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </div>
- <a class="anchor" id="ga5370a3c4a213e15bf57726406ec52ae0"></a>
- <div class="memitem">
- <div class="memproto">
- <table class="memname">
- <tr>
- <td class="memname">void arm_spline_init_f32 </td>
- <td>(</td>
- <td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="structarm__spline__instance__f32.html">arm_spline_instance_f32</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>S</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a545cad4aaf64955a2d2e93d7e806bcd7">arm_spline_type</a> </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>type</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype">const <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>x</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype">const <a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>y</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype">uint32_t </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>n</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>coeffs</em>, </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class="paramkey"></td>
- <td></td>
- <td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="arm__math_8h.html#a4611b605e45ab401f02cab15c5e38715">float32_t</a> * </td>
- <td class="paramname"><em>tempBuffer</em> </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td></td>
- <td>)</td>
- <td></td><td></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </div><div class="memdoc">
- <dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
- <table class="params">
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">S</td><td>points to an instance of the floating-point spline structure. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">type</td><td>type of cubic spline interpolation (boundary conditions) </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">x</td><td>points to the x values of the known data points. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">y</td><td>points to the y values of the known data points. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">n</td><td>number of known data points. </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">coeffs</td><td>coefficients array for b, c, and d </td></tr>
- <tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">tempBuffer</td><td>buffer array for internal computations </td></tr>
- </table>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div><!-- contents -->
- </div><!-- doc-content -->
- <!-- start footer part -->
- <div id="nav-path" class="navpath"><!-- id is needed for treeview function! -->
- <ul>
- <li class="footer">Generated on Thu Apr 9 2020 15:49:23 for CMSIS-DSP Version 1.8.0 by Arm Ltd. All rights reserved.
- <!--
- <a href="http://www.doxygen.org/index.html">
- <img class="footer" src="doxygen.png" alt="doxygen"/></a> 1.8.6
- -->
- </li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </body>
- </html>
|