riscv-none-embed-objdump.1 44 KB

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  132. .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
  133. .\" ========================================================================
  134. .\"
  135. .IX Title "OBJDUMP 1"
  136. .TH OBJDUMP 1 "2020-07-03" "binutils-2.32" "GNU Development Tools"
  137. .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
  138. .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
  139. .if n .ad l
  140. .nh
  141. .SH "NAME"
  142. objdump \- display information from object files.
  143. .SH "SYNOPSIS"
  144. .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
  145. objdump [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-archive\-headers\fR]
  146. [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR]
  147. [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR] ]
  148. [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\fR[=\fIsymbol\fR]]
  149. [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR]
  150. [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR]
  151. [\fB\-EB\fR|\fB\-EL\fR|\fB\-\-endian=\fR{big | little }]
  152. [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR]
  153. [\fB\-F\fR|\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR]
  154. [\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR]
  155. [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\fR]
  156. [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR]
  157. [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-headers\fR]
  158. [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-info\fR]
  159. [\fB\-j\fR \fIsection\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIsection\fR]
  160. [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR]
  161. [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-source\fR]
  162. [\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR|\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR]
  163. [\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR]
  164. [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR]
  165. [\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR]
  166. [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-reloc\fR]
  167. [\fB\-R\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR]
  168. [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR]
  169. [\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoRtUuTgAckK]\fR|
  170. \fB\-\-dwarf\fR[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow\-links]]
  171. [\fB\-G\fR|\fB\-\-stabs\fR]
  172. [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-syms\fR]
  173. [\fB\-T\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR]
  174. [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR]
  175. [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wide\fR]
  176. [\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR]
  177. [\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR]
  178. [\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR]
  179. [\fB\-\-[no\-]show\-raw\-insn\fR]
  180. [\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR]
  181. [\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR]
  182. [\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR]
  183. [\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR|\fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR]
  184. [\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR]
  185. [\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR]
  186. [\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR]
  187. [\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR]
  188. [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR]
  189. [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR]
  190. \fIobjfile\fR...
  191. .SH "DESCRIPTION"
  192. .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
  193. \&\fBobjdump\fR displays information about one or more object files.
  194. The options control what particular information to display. This
  195. information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the
  196. compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their
  197. program to compile and work.
  198. .PP
  199. \&\fIobjfile\fR... are the object files to be examined. When you
  200. specify archives, \fBobjdump\fR shows information on each of the member
  201. object files.
  202. .SH "OPTIONS"
  203. .IX Header "OPTIONS"
  204. The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
  205. equivalent. At least one option from the list
  206. \&\fB\-a,\-d,\-D,\-e,\-f,\-g,\-G,\-h,\-H,\-p,\-P,\-r,\-R,\-s,\-S,\-t,\-T,\-V,\-x\fR must be given.
  207. .IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4
  208. .IX Item "-a"
  209. .PD 0
  210. .IP "\fB\-\-archive\-header\fR" 4
  211. .IX Item "--archive-header"
  212. .PD
  213. If any of the \fIobjfile\fR files are archives, display the archive
  214. header information (in a format similar to \fBls \-l\fR). Besides the
  215. information you could list with \fBar tv\fR, \fBobjdump \-a\fR shows
  216. the object file format of each archive member.
  217. .IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR" 4
  218. .IX Item "--adjust-vma=offset"
  219. When dumping information, first add \fIoffset\fR to all the section
  220. addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not correspond to
  221. the symbol table, which can happen when putting sections at particular
  222. addresses when using a format which can not represent section addresses,
  223. such as a.out.
  224. .IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4
  225. .IX Item "-b bfdname"
  226. .PD 0
  227. .IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4
  228. .IX Item "--target=bfdname"
  229. .PD
  230. Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
  231. \&\fIbfdname\fR. This option may not be necessary; \fIobjdump\fR can
  232. automatically recognize many formats.
  233. .Sp
  234. For example,
  235. .Sp
  236. .Vb 1
  237. \& objdump \-b oasys \-m vax \-h fu.o
  238. .Ve
  239. .Sp
  240. displays summary information from the section headers (\fB\-h\fR) of
  241. \&\fIfu.o\fR, which is explicitly identified (\fB\-m\fR) as a \s-1VAX\s0 object
  242. file in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the
  243. formats available with the \fB\-i\fR option.
  244. .IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4
  245. .IX Item "-C"
  246. .PD 0
  247. .IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4
  248. .IX Item "--demangle[=style]"
  249. .PD
  250. Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
  251. Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this
  252. makes \*(C+ function names readable. Different compilers have different
  253. mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to
  254. choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.
  255. .IP "\fB\-\-recurse\-limit\fR" 4
  256. .IX Item "--recurse-limit"
  257. .PD 0
  258. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-recurse\-limit\fR" 4
  259. .IX Item "--no-recurse-limit"
  260. .IP "\fB\-\-recursion\-limit\fR" 4
  261. .IX Item "--recursion-limit"
  262. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-recursion\-limit\fR" 4
  263. .IX Item "--no-recursion-limit"
  264. .PD
  265. Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed
  266. whilst demangling strings. Since the name mangling formats allow for
  267. an inifinite level of recursion it is possible to create strings whose
  268. decoding will exhaust the amount of stack space available on the host
  269. machine, triggering a memory fault. The limit tries to prevent this
  270. from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.
  271. .Sp
  272. The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be
  273. necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note however
  274. that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is
  275. possible and any bug reports about such an event will be rejected.
  276. .IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4
  277. .IX Item "-g"
  278. .PD 0
  279. .IP "\fB\-\-debugging\fR" 4
  280. .IX Item "--debugging"
  281. .PD
  282. Display debugging information. This attempts to parse \s-1STABS\s0
  283. debugging format information stored in the file and print it out using
  284. a C like syntax. If no \s-1STABS\s0 debuging was found this option
  285. falls back on the \fB\-W\fR option to print any \s-1DWARF\s0 information in
  286. the file.
  287. .IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4
  288. .IX Item "-e"
  289. .PD 0
  290. .IP "\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR" 4
  291. .IX Item "--debugging-tags"
  292. .PD
  293. Like \fB\-g\fR, but the information is generated in a format compatible
  294. with ctags tool.
  295. .IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4
  296. .IX Item "-d"
  297. .PD 0
  298. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\fR" 4
  299. .IX Item "--disassemble"
  300. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble=\fR\fIsymbol\fR" 4
  301. .IX Item "--disassemble=symbol"
  302. .PD
  303. Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from the
  304. input file. This option only disassembles those sections which are
  305. expected to contain instructions. If the optional \fIsymbol\fR
  306. argument is given, then display the assembler mnemonics starting at
  307. \&\fIsymbol\fR. If \fIsymbol\fR is a function name then disassembly
  308. will stop at the end of the function, otherwise it will stop when the
  309. next symbol is encountered. If there are no matches for \fIsymbol\fR
  310. then nothing will be displayed.
  311. .IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4
  312. .IX Item "-D"
  313. .PD 0
  314. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR" 4
  315. .IX Item "--disassemble-all"
  316. .PD
  317. Like \fB\-d\fR, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just
  318. those expected to contain instructions.
  319. .Sp
  320. This option also has a subtle effect on the disassembly of
  321. instructions in code sections. When option \fB\-d\fR is in effect
  322. objdump will assume that any symbols present in a code section occur
  323. on the boundary between instructions and it will refuse to disassemble
  324. across such a boundary. When option \fB\-D\fR is in effect however
  325. this assumption is supressed. This means that it is possible for the
  326. output of \fB\-d\fR and \fB\-D\fR to differ if, for example, data
  327. is stored in code sections.
  328. .Sp
  329. If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture this switch also has the effect
  330. of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code
  331. sections as if they were instructions.
  332. .IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR" 4
  333. .IX Item "--prefix-addresses"
  334. When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This is
  335. the older disassembly format.
  336. .IP "\fB\-EB\fR" 4
  337. .IX Item "-EB"
  338. .PD 0
  339. .IP "\fB\-EL\fR" 4
  340. .IX Item "-EL"
  341. .IP "\fB\-\-endian={big|little}\fR" 4
  342. .IX Item "--endian={big|little}"
  343. .PD
  344. Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects
  345. disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format which
  346. does not describe endianness information, such as S\-records.
  347. .IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4
  348. .IX Item "-f"
  349. .PD 0
  350. .IP "\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR" 4
  351. .IX Item "--file-headers"
  352. .PD
  353. Display summary information from the overall header of
  354. each of the \fIobjfile\fR files.
  355. .IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4
  356. .IX Item "-F"
  357. .PD 0
  358. .IP "\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR" 4
  359. .IX Item "--file-offsets"
  360. .PD
  361. When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also
  362. display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be
  363. dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly resumes,
  364. tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file offset of the
  365. location from where the disassembly resumes. When dumping sections,
  366. display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts.
  367. .IP "\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR" 4
  368. .IX Item "--file-start-context"
  369. Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly
  370. (assumes \fB\-S\fR) from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the
  371. context to the start of the file.
  372. .IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4
  373. .IX Item "-h"
  374. .PD 0
  375. .IP "\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR" 4
  376. .IX Item "--section-headers"
  377. .IP "\fB\-\-headers\fR" 4
  378. .IX Item "--headers"
  379. .PD
  380. Display summary information from the section headers of the
  381. object file.
  382. .Sp
  383. File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by
  384. using the \fB\-Ttext\fR, \fB\-Tdata\fR, or \fB\-Tbss\fR options to
  385. \&\fBld\fR. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not
  386. store the starting address of the file segments. In those situations,
  387. although \fBld\fR relocates the sections correctly, using \fBobjdump
  388. \&\-h\fR to list the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses.
  389. Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which are implicit for the
  390. target.
  391. .Sp
  392. Note, in some cases it is possible for a section to have both the
  393. \&\s-1READONLY\s0 and the \s-1NOREAD\s0 attributes set. In such cases the \s-1NOREAD\s0
  394. attribute takes precedence, but \fBobjdump\fR will report both
  395. since the exact setting of the flag bits might be important.
  396. .IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4
  397. .IX Item "-H"
  398. .PD 0
  399. .IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4
  400. .IX Item "--help"
  401. .PD
  402. Print a summary of the options to \fBobjdump\fR and exit.
  403. .IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4
  404. .IX Item "-i"
  405. .PD 0
  406. .IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4
  407. .IX Item "--info"
  408. .PD
  409. Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available
  410. for specification with \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-m\fR.
  411. .IP "\fB\-j\fR \fIname\fR" 4
  412. .IX Item "-j name"
  413. .PD 0
  414. .IP "\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR" 4
  415. .IX Item "--section=name"
  416. .PD
  417. Display information only for section \fIname\fR.
  418. .IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4
  419. .IX Item "-l"
  420. .PD 0
  421. .IP "\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR" 4
  422. .IX Item "--line-numbers"
  423. .PD
  424. Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and
  425. source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown.
  426. Only useful with \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-D\fR, or \fB\-r\fR.
  427. .IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4
  428. .IX Item "-m machine"
  429. .PD 0
  430. .IP "\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4
  431. .IX Item "--architecture=machine"
  432. .PD
  433. Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. This
  434. can be useful when disassembling object files which do not describe
  435. architecture information, such as S\-records. You can list the available
  436. architectures with the \fB\-i\fR option.
  437. .Sp
  438. If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch has an
  439. additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those
  440. instructions supported by the architecture specified by \fImachine\fR.
  441. If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does not
  442. contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to
  443. disassemble all the instructions use \fB\-marm\fR.
  444. .IP "\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4
  445. .IX Item "-M options"
  446. .PD 0
  447. .IP "\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4
  448. .IX Item "--disassembler-options=options"
  449. .PD
  450. Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only supported on
  451. some targets. If it is necessary to specify more than one
  452. disassembler option then multiple \fB\-M\fR options can be used or
  453. can be placed together into a comma separated list.
  454. .Sp
  455. For \s-1ARC,\s0 \fBdsp\fR controls the printing of \s-1DSP\s0 instructions,
  456. \&\fBspfp\fR selects the printing of \s-1FPX\s0 single precision \s-1FP\s0
  457. instructions, \fBdpfp\fR selects the printing of \s-1FPX\s0 double
  458. precision \s-1FP\s0 instructions, \fBquarkse_em\fR selects the printing of
  459. special QuarkSE-EM instructions, \fBfpuda\fR selects the printing
  460. of double precision assist instructions, \fBfpus\fR selects the
  461. printing of \s-1FPU\s0 single precision \s-1FP\s0 instructions, while \fBfpud\fR
  462. selects the printing of \s-1FPU\s0 double precision \s-1FP\s0 instructions.
  463. Additionally, one can choose to have all the immediates printed in
  464. hexadecimal using \fBhex\fR. By default, the short immediates are
  465. printed using the decimal representation, while the long immediate
  466. values are printed as hexadecimal.
  467. .Sp
  468. \&\fBcpu=...\fR allows to enforce a particular \s-1ISA\s0 when disassembling
  469. instructions, overriding the \fB\-m\fR value or whatever is in the \s-1ELF\s0 file.
  470. This might be useful to select \s-1ARC EM\s0 or \s-1HS ISA,\s0 because architecture is same
  471. for those and disassembler relies on private \s-1ELF\s0 header data to decide if code
  472. is for \s-1EM\s0 or \s-1HS.\s0 This option might be specified multiple times \- only the
  473. latest value will be used. Valid values are same as for the assembler
  474. \&\fB\-mcpu=...\fR option.
  475. .Sp
  476. If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch can be used to
  477. select which register name set is used during disassembler. Specifying
  478. \&\fB\-M reg-names-std\fR (the default) will select the register names as
  479. used in \s-1ARM\s0's instruction set documentation, but with register 13 called
  480. \&'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register 15 called 'pc'. Specifying
  481. \&\fB\-M reg-names-apcs\fR will select the name set used by the \s-1ARM\s0
  482. Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying \fB\-M reg-names-raw\fR will
  483. just use \fBr\fR followed by the register number.
  484. .Sp
  485. There are also two variants on the \s-1APCS\s0 register naming scheme enabled
  486. by \fB\-M reg-names-atpcs\fR and \fB\-M reg-names-special-atpcs\fR which
  487. use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions. (Either
  488. with the normal register names or the special register names).
  489. .Sp
  490. This option can also be used for \s-1ARM\s0 architectures to force the
  491. disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by
  492. using the switch \fB\-\-disassembler\-options=force\-thumb\fR. This can be
  493. useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other
  494. compilers.
  495. .Sp
  496. For AArch64 targets this switch can be used to set whether instructions are
  497. disassembled as the most general instruction using the \fB\-M no-aliases\fR
  498. option or whether instruction notes should be generated as comments in the
  499. disasssembly using \fB\-M notes\fR.
  500. .Sp
  501. For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the \fB\-m\fR
  502. switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from the
  503. following may be specified as a comma separated string.
  504. .RS 4
  505. .ie n .IP """x86\-64""" 4
  506. .el .IP "\f(CWx86\-64\fR" 4
  507. .IX Item "x86-64"
  508. .PD 0
  509. .ie n .IP """i386""" 4
  510. .el .IP "\f(CWi386\fR" 4
  511. .IX Item "i386"
  512. .ie n .IP """i8086""" 4
  513. .el .IP "\f(CWi8086\fR" 4
  514. .IX Item "i8086"
  515. .PD
  516. Select disassembly for the given architecture.
  517. .ie n .IP """intel""" 4
  518. .el .IP "\f(CWintel\fR" 4
  519. .IX Item "intel"
  520. .PD 0
  521. .ie n .IP """att""" 4
  522. .el .IP "\f(CWatt\fR" 4
  523. .IX Item "att"
  524. .PD
  525. Select between intel syntax mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 syntax mode.
  526. .ie n .IP """amd64""" 4
  527. .el .IP "\f(CWamd64\fR" 4
  528. .IX Item "amd64"
  529. .PD 0
  530. .ie n .IP """intel64""" 4
  531. .el .IP "\f(CWintel64\fR" 4
  532. .IX Item "intel64"
  533. .PD
  534. Select between \s-1AMD64 ISA\s0 and Intel64 \s-1ISA.\s0
  535. .ie n .IP """intel\-mnemonic""" 4
  536. .el .IP "\f(CWintel\-mnemonic\fR" 4
  537. .IX Item "intel-mnemonic"
  538. .PD 0
  539. .ie n .IP """att\-mnemonic""" 4
  540. .el .IP "\f(CWatt\-mnemonic\fR" 4
  541. .IX Item "att-mnemonic"
  542. .PD
  543. Select between intel mnemonic mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 mnemonic mode.
  544. Note: \f(CW\*(C`intel\-mnemonic\*(C'\fR implies \f(CW\*(C`intel\*(C'\fR and
  545. \&\f(CW\*(C`att\-mnemonic\*(C'\fR implies \f(CW\*(C`att\*(C'\fR.
  546. .ie n .IP """addr64""" 4
  547. .el .IP "\f(CWaddr64\fR" 4
  548. .IX Item "addr64"
  549. .PD 0
  550. .ie n .IP """addr32""" 4
  551. .el .IP "\f(CWaddr32\fR" 4
  552. .IX Item "addr32"
  553. .ie n .IP """addr16""" 4
  554. .el .IP "\f(CWaddr16\fR" 4
  555. .IX Item "addr16"
  556. .ie n .IP """data32""" 4
  557. .el .IP "\f(CWdata32\fR" 4
  558. .IX Item "data32"
  559. .ie n .IP """data16""" 4
  560. .el .IP "\f(CWdata16\fR" 4
  561. .IX Item "data16"
  562. .PD
  563. Specify the default address size and operand size. These four options
  564. will be overridden if \f(CW\*(C`x86\-64\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`i386\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`i8086\*(C'\fR
  565. appear later in the option string.
  566. .ie n .IP """suffix""" 4
  567. .el .IP "\f(CWsuffix\fR" 4
  568. .IX Item "suffix"
  569. When in \s-1AT&T\s0 mode, instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic
  570. suffix even when the suffix could be inferred by the operands.
  571. .RE
  572. .RS 4
  573. .Sp
  574. For PowerPC, the \fB\-M\fR argument \fBraw\fR selects
  575. disasssembly of hardware insns rather than aliases. For example, you
  576. will see \f(CW\*(C`rlwinm\*(C'\fR rather than \f(CW\*(C`clrlwi\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`addi\*(C'\fR
  577. rather than \f(CW\*(C`li\*(C'\fR. All of the \fB\-m\fR arguments for
  578. \&\fBgas\fR that select a \s-1CPU\s0 are supported. These are:
  579. \&\fB403\fR, \fB405\fR, \fB440\fR, \fB464\fR, \fB476\fR,
  580. \&\fB601\fR, \fB603\fR, \fB604\fR, \fB620\fR, \fB7400\fR,
  581. \&\fB7410\fR, \fB7450\fR, \fB7455\fR, \fB750cl\fR,
  582. \&\fB821\fR, \fB850\fR, \fB860\fR, \fBa2\fR, \fBbooke\fR,
  583. \&\fBbooke32\fR, \fBcell\fR, \fBcom\fR, \fBe200z4\fR,
  584. \&\fBe300\fR, \fBe500\fR, \fBe500mc\fR, \fBe500mc64\fR,
  585. \&\fBe500x2\fR, \fBe5500\fR, \fBe6500\fR, \fBefs\fR,
  586. \&\fBpower4\fR, \fBpower5\fR, \fBpower6\fR, \fBpower7\fR,
  587. \&\fBpower8\fR, \fBpower9\fR, \fBppc\fR, \fBppc32\fR,
  588. \&\fBppc64\fR, \fBppc64bridge\fR, \fBppcps\fR, \fBpwr\fR,
  589. \&\fBpwr2\fR, \fBpwr4\fR, \fBpwr5\fR, \fBpwr5x\fR,
  590. \&\fBpwr6\fR, \fBpwr7\fR, \fBpwr8\fR, \fBpwr9\fR,
  591. \&\fBpwrx\fR, \fBtitan\fR, and \fBvle\fR.
  592. \&\fB32\fR and \fB64\fR modify the default or a prior \s-1CPU\s0
  593. selection, disabling and enabling 64\-bit insns respectively. In
  594. addition, \fBaltivec\fR, \fBany\fR, \fBhtm\fR, \fBvsx\fR,
  595. and \fBspe\fR add capabilities to a previous \fIor later\fR \s-1CPU\s0
  596. selection. \fBany\fR will disassemble any opcode known to
  597. binutils, but in cases where an opcode has two different meanings or
  598. different arguments, you may not see the disassembly you expect.
  599. If you disassemble without giving a \s-1CPU\s0 selection, a default will be
  600. chosen from information gleaned by \s-1BFD\s0 from the object files headers,
  601. but the result again may not be as you expect.
  602. .Sp
  603. For \s-1MIPS,\s0 this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic
  604. names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple
  605. selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated
  606. string, and invalid options are ignored:
  607. .ie n .IP """no\-aliases""" 4
  608. .el .IP "\f(CWno\-aliases\fR" 4
  609. .IX Item "no-aliases"
  610. Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo
  611. instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move',
  612. \&'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.
  613. .ie n .IP """msa""" 4
  614. .el .IP "\f(CWmsa\fR" 4
  615. .IX Item "msa"
  616. Disassemble \s-1MSA\s0 instructions.
  617. .ie n .IP """virt""" 4
  618. .el .IP "\f(CWvirt\fR" 4
  619. .IX Item "virt"
  620. Disassemble the virtualization \s-1ASE\s0 instructions.
  621. .ie n .IP """xpa""" 4
  622. .el .IP "\f(CWxpa\fR" 4
  623. .IX Item "xpa"
  624. Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (\s-1XPA\s0) \s-1ASE\s0 instructions.
  625. .ie n .IP """gpr\-names=\fIABI\fP""" 4
  626. .el .IP "\f(CWgpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4
  627. .IX Item "gpr-names=ABI"
  628. Print \s-1GPR\s0 (general-purpose register) names as appropriate
  629. for the specified \s-1ABI.\s0 By default, \s-1GPR\s0 names are selected according to
  630. the \s-1ABI\s0 of the binary being disassembled.
  631. .ie n .IP """fpr\-names=\fIABI\fP""" 4
  632. .el .IP "\f(CWfpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4
  633. .IX Item "fpr-names=ABI"
  634. Print \s-1FPR\s0 (floating-point register) names as
  635. appropriate for the specified \s-1ABI.\s0 By default, \s-1FPR\s0 numbers are printed
  636. rather than names.
  637. .ie n .IP """cp0\-names=\fIARCH\fP""" 4
  638. .el .IP "\f(CWcp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4
  639. .IX Item "cp0-names=ARCH"
  640. Print \s-1CP0\s0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names
  641. as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by
  642. \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1CP0\s0 register names are selected according to
  643. the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled.
  644. .ie n .IP """hwr\-names=\fIARCH\fP""" 4
  645. .el .IP "\f(CWhwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4
  646. .IX Item "hwr-names=ARCH"
  647. Print \s-1HWR\s0 (hardware register, used by the \f(CW\*(C`rdhwr\*(C'\fR instruction) names
  648. as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by
  649. \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR. By default, \s-1HWR\s0 names are selected according to
  650. the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled.
  651. .ie n .IP """reg\-names=\fIABI\fP""" 4
  652. .el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4
  653. .IX Item "reg-names=ABI"
  654. Print \s-1GPR\s0 and \s-1FPR\s0 names as appropriate for the selected \s-1ABI.\s0
  655. .ie n .IP """reg\-names=\fIARCH\fP""" 4
  656. .el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4
  657. .IX Item "reg-names=ARCH"
  658. Print CPU-specific register names (\s-1CP0\s0 register and \s-1HWR\s0 names)
  659. as appropriate for the selected \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture.
  660. .RE
  661. .RS 4
  662. .Sp
  663. For any of the options listed above, \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR or
  664. \&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR may be specified as \fBnumeric\fR to have numbers printed
  665. rather than names, for the selected types of registers.
  666. You can list the available values of \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR and \fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR using
  667. the \fB\-\-help\fR option.
  668. .Sp
  669. For \s-1VAX,\s0 you can specify function entry addresses with \fB\-M
  670. entry:0xf00ba\fR. You can use this multiple times to properly
  671. disassemble \s-1VAX\s0 binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like
  672. \&\s-1ROM\s0 dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise
  673. be decoded as \s-1VAX\s0 instructions, which would probably lead the rest
  674. of the function being wrongly disassembled.
  675. .RE
  676. .IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4
  677. .IX Item "-p"
  678. .PD 0
  679. .IP "\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR" 4
  680. .IX Item "--private-headers"
  681. .PD
  682. Print information that is specific to the object file format. The exact
  683. information printed depends upon the object file format. For some
  684. object file formats, no additional information is printed.
  685. .IP "\fB\-P\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4
  686. .IX Item "-P options"
  687. .PD 0
  688. .IP "\fB\-\-private=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4
  689. .IX Item "--private=options"
  690. .PD
  691. Print information that is specific to the object file format. The
  692. argument \fIoptions\fR is a comma separated list that depends on the
  693. format (the lists of options is displayed with the help).
  694. .Sp
  695. For \s-1XCOFF,\s0 the available options are:
  696. .RS 4
  697. .ie n .IP """header""" 4
  698. .el .IP "\f(CWheader\fR" 4
  699. .IX Item "header"
  700. .PD 0
  701. .ie n .IP """aout""" 4
  702. .el .IP "\f(CWaout\fR" 4
  703. .IX Item "aout"
  704. .ie n .IP """sections""" 4
  705. .el .IP "\f(CWsections\fR" 4
  706. .IX Item "sections"
  707. .ie n .IP """syms""" 4
  708. .el .IP "\f(CWsyms\fR" 4
  709. .IX Item "syms"
  710. .ie n .IP """relocs""" 4
  711. .el .IP "\f(CWrelocs\fR" 4
  712. .IX Item "relocs"
  713. .ie n .IP """lineno,""" 4
  714. .el .IP "\f(CWlineno,\fR" 4
  715. .IX Item "lineno,"
  716. .ie n .IP """loader""" 4
  717. .el .IP "\f(CWloader\fR" 4
  718. .IX Item "loader"
  719. .ie n .IP """except""" 4
  720. .el .IP "\f(CWexcept\fR" 4
  721. .IX Item "except"
  722. .ie n .IP """typchk""" 4
  723. .el .IP "\f(CWtypchk\fR" 4
  724. .IX Item "typchk"
  725. .ie n .IP """traceback""" 4
  726. .el .IP "\f(CWtraceback\fR" 4
  727. .IX Item "traceback"
  728. .ie n .IP """toc""" 4
  729. .el .IP "\f(CWtoc\fR" 4
  730. .IX Item "toc"
  731. .ie n .IP """ldinfo""" 4
  732. .el .IP "\f(CWldinfo\fR" 4
  733. .IX Item "ldinfo"
  734. .RE
  735. .RS 4
  736. .PD
  737. .Sp
  738. Not all object formats support this option. In particular the \s-1ELF\s0
  739. format does not use it.
  740. .RE
  741. .IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4
  742. .IX Item "-r"
  743. .PD 0
  744. .IP "\fB\-\-reloc\fR" 4
  745. .IX Item "--reloc"
  746. .PD
  747. Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with \fB\-d\fR or
  748. \&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the
  749. disassembly.
  750. .IP "\fB\-R\fR" 4
  751. .IX Item "-R"
  752. .PD 0
  753. .IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR" 4
  754. .IX Item "--dynamic-reloc"
  755. .PD
  756. Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only
  757. meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
  758. libraries. As for \fB\-r\fR, if used with \fB\-d\fR or
  759. \&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the
  760. disassembly.
  761. .IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4
  762. .IX Item "-s"
  763. .PD 0
  764. .IP "\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR" 4
  765. .IX Item "--full-contents"
  766. .PD
  767. Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default all
  768. non-empty sections are displayed.
  769. .IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4
  770. .IX Item "-S"
  771. .PD 0
  772. .IP "\fB\-\-source\fR" 4
  773. .IX Item "--source"
  774. .PD
  775. Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. Implies
  776. \&\fB\-d\fR.
  777. .IP "\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR" 4
  778. .IX Item "--prefix=prefix"
  779. Specify \fIprefix\fR to add to the absolute paths when used with
  780. \&\fB\-S\fR.
  781. .IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR" 4
  782. .IX Item "--prefix-strip=level"
  783. Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired
  784. absolute paths. It has no effect without \fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR.
  785. .IP "\fB\-\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4
  786. .IX Item "--show-raw-insn"
  787. When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as
  788. in symbolic form. This is the default except when
  789. \&\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used.
  790. .IP "\fB\-\-no\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4
  791. .IX Item "--no-show-raw-insn"
  792. When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes.
  793. This is the default when \fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used.
  794. .IP "\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR" 4
  795. .IX Item "--insn-width=width"
  796. Display \fIwidth\fR bytes on a single line when disassembling
  797. instructions.
  798. .IP "\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoRtUuTgAckK]\fR" 4
  799. .IX Item "-W[lLiaprmfFsoRtUuTgAckK]"
  800. .PD 0
  801. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow\-links]\fR" 4
  802. .IX Item "--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]"
  803. .PD
  804. Displays the contents of the \s-1DWARF\s0 debug sections in the file, if any
  805. are present. Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed
  806. (temporarily) before they are displayed. If one or more of the
  807. optional letters or words follows the switch then only those type(s)
  808. of data will be dumped. The letters and words refer to the following
  809. information:
  810. .RS 4
  811. .ie n .IP """a""" 4
  812. .el .IP "\f(CWa\fR" 4
  813. .IX Item "a"
  814. .PD 0
  815. .ie n .IP """=abbrev""" 4
  816. .el .IP "\f(CW=abbrev\fR" 4
  817. .IX Item "=abbrev"
  818. .PD
  819. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_abbrev\fR section.
  820. .ie n .IP """A""" 4
  821. .el .IP "\f(CWA\fR" 4
  822. .IX Item "A"
  823. .PD 0
  824. .ie n .IP """=addr""" 4
  825. .el .IP "\f(CW=addr\fR" 4
  826. .IX Item "=addr"
  827. .PD
  828. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_addr\fR section.
  829. .ie n .IP """c""" 4
  830. .el .IP "\f(CWc\fR" 4
  831. .IX Item "c"
  832. .PD 0
  833. .ie n .IP """=cu_index""" 4
  834. .el .IP "\f(CW=cu_index\fR" 4
  835. .IX Item "=cu_index"
  836. .PD
  837. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_cu_index\fR and/or
  838. \&\fB.debug_tu_index\fR sections.
  839. .ie n .IP """f""" 4
  840. .el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4
  841. .IX Item "f"
  842. .PD 0
  843. .ie n .IP """=frames""" 4
  844. .el .IP "\f(CW=frames\fR" 4
  845. .IX Item "=frames"
  846. .PD
  847. Display the raw contents of a \fB.debug_frame\fR section.
  848. .ie n .IP """F""" 4
  849. .el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4
  850. .IX Item "F"
  851. .PD 0
  852. .ie n .IP """=frame\-interp""" 4
  853. .el .IP "\f(CW=frame\-interp\fR" 4
  854. .IX Item "=frame-interp"
  855. .PD
  856. Display the interpreted contents of a \fB.debug_frame\fR section.
  857. .ie n .IP """g""" 4
  858. .el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4
  859. .IX Item "g"
  860. .PD 0
  861. .ie n .IP """=gdb_index""" 4
  862. .el .IP "\f(CW=gdb_index\fR" 4
  863. .IX Item "=gdb_index"
  864. .PD
  865. Displays the contents of the \fB.gdb_index\fR and/or
  866. \&\fB.debug_names\fR sections.
  867. .ie n .IP """i""" 4
  868. .el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4
  869. .IX Item "i"
  870. .PD 0
  871. .ie n .IP """=info""" 4
  872. .el .IP "\f(CW=info\fR" 4
  873. .IX Item "=info"
  874. .PD
  875. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_info\fR section. Note: the
  876. output from this option can also be restricted by the use of the
  877. \&\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR and \fB\-\-dwarf\-start\fR options.
  878. .ie n .IP """k""" 4
  879. .el .IP "\f(CWk\fR" 4
  880. .IX Item "k"
  881. .PD 0
  882. .ie n .IP """=links""" 4
  883. .el .IP "\f(CW=links\fR" 4
  884. .IX Item "=links"
  885. .PD
  886. Displays the contents of the \fB.gnu_debuglink\fR and/or
  887. \&\fB.gnu_debugaltlink\fR sections. Also displays the link to a
  888. separate dwarf object file (dwo), if one is specified by the
  889. DW_AT_GNU_dwo_name or DW_AT_dwo_name attributes in the
  890. \&\fB.debug_info\fR section.
  891. .ie n .IP """K""" 4
  892. .el .IP "\f(CWK\fR" 4
  893. .IX Item "K"
  894. .PD 0
  895. .ie n .IP """=follow\-links""" 4
  896. .el .IP "\f(CW=follow\-links\fR" 4
  897. .IX Item "=follow-links"
  898. .PD
  899. Display the contents of any selected debug sections that are found in
  900. a linked, separate debug info file. This can result in multiple
  901. versions of the same debug section being displayed if both the main
  902. file and the separate debug info file contain sections with the same
  903. name.
  904. .Sp
  905. In addition, when displaying \s-1DWARF\s0 attributes, if a form is found that
  906. references the separate debug info file, then the referenced contents
  907. will also be displayed.
  908. .ie n .IP """l""" 4
  909. .el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4
  910. .IX Item "l"
  911. .PD 0
  912. .ie n .IP """=rawline""" 4
  913. .el .IP "\f(CW=rawline\fR" 4
  914. .IX Item "=rawline"
  915. .PD
  916. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_line\fR section in a raw
  917. format.
  918. .ie n .IP """L""" 4
  919. .el .IP "\f(CWL\fR" 4
  920. .IX Item "L"
  921. .PD 0
  922. .ie n .IP """=decodedline""" 4
  923. .el .IP "\f(CW=decodedline\fR" 4
  924. .IX Item "=decodedline"
  925. .PD
  926. Displays the interpreted contents of the \fB.debug_line\fR section.
  927. .ie n .IP """m""" 4
  928. .el .IP "\f(CWm\fR" 4
  929. .IX Item "m"
  930. .PD 0
  931. .ie n .IP """=macro""" 4
  932. .el .IP "\f(CW=macro\fR" 4
  933. .IX Item "=macro"
  934. .PD
  935. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_macro\fR and/or
  936. \&\fB.debug_macinfo\fR sections.
  937. .ie n .IP """o""" 4
  938. .el .IP "\f(CWo\fR" 4
  939. .IX Item "o"
  940. .PD 0
  941. .ie n .IP """=loc""" 4
  942. .el .IP "\f(CW=loc\fR" 4
  943. .IX Item "=loc"
  944. .PD
  945. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_loc\fR and/or
  946. \&\fB.debug_loclists\fR sections.
  947. .ie n .IP """p""" 4
  948. .el .IP "\f(CWp\fR" 4
  949. .IX Item "p"
  950. .PD 0
  951. .ie n .IP """=pubnames""" 4
  952. .el .IP "\f(CW=pubnames\fR" 4
  953. .IX Item "=pubnames"
  954. .PD
  955. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_pubnames\fR and/or
  956. \&\fB.debug_gnu_pubnames\fR sections.
  957. .ie n .IP """r""" 4
  958. .el .IP "\f(CWr\fR" 4
  959. .IX Item "r"
  960. .PD 0
  961. .ie n .IP """=aranges""" 4
  962. .el .IP "\f(CW=aranges\fR" 4
  963. .IX Item "=aranges"
  964. .PD
  965. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_aranges\fR section.
  966. .ie n .IP """R""" 4
  967. .el .IP "\f(CWR\fR" 4
  968. .IX Item "R"
  969. .PD 0
  970. .ie n .IP """=Ranges""" 4
  971. .el .IP "\f(CW=Ranges\fR" 4
  972. .IX Item "=Ranges"
  973. .PD
  974. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_ranges\fR and/or
  975. \&\fB.debug_rnglists\fR sections.
  976. .ie n .IP """s""" 4
  977. .el .IP "\f(CWs\fR" 4
  978. .IX Item "s"
  979. .PD 0
  980. .ie n .IP """=str""" 4
  981. .el .IP "\f(CW=str\fR" 4
  982. .IX Item "=str"
  983. .PD
  984. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_str\fR, \fB.debug_line_str\fR
  985. and/or \fB.debug_str_offsets\fR sections.
  986. .ie n .IP """t""" 4
  987. .el .IP "\f(CWt\fR" 4
  988. .IX Item "t"
  989. .PD 0
  990. .ie n .IP """=pubtype""" 4
  991. .el .IP "\f(CW=pubtype\fR" 4
  992. .IX Item "=pubtype"
  993. .PD
  994. Displays the contents of the \fB.debug_pubtypes\fR and/or
  995. \&\fB.debug_gnu_pubtypes\fR sections.
  996. .ie n .IP """T""" 4
  997. .el .IP "\f(CWT\fR" 4
  998. .IX Item "T"
  999. .PD 0
  1000. .ie n .IP """=trace_aranges""" 4
  1001. .el .IP "\f(CW=trace_aranges\fR" 4
  1002. .IX Item "=trace_aranges"
  1003. .PD
  1004. Displays the contents of the \fB.trace_aranges\fR section.
  1005. .ie n .IP """u""" 4
  1006. .el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4
  1007. .IX Item "u"
  1008. .PD 0
  1009. .ie n .IP """=trace_abbrev""" 4
  1010. .el .IP "\f(CW=trace_abbrev\fR" 4
  1011. .IX Item "=trace_abbrev"
  1012. .PD
  1013. Displays the contents of the \fB.trace_abbrev\fR section.
  1014. .ie n .IP """U""" 4
  1015. .el .IP "\f(CWU\fR" 4
  1016. .IX Item "U"
  1017. .PD 0
  1018. .ie n .IP """=trace_info""" 4
  1019. .el .IP "\f(CW=trace_info\fR" 4
  1020. .IX Item "=trace_info"
  1021. .PD
  1022. Displays the contents of the \fB.trace_info\fR section.
  1023. .RE
  1024. .RS 4
  1025. .Sp
  1026. Note: displaying the contents of \fB.debug_static_funcs\fR,
  1027. \&\fB.debug_static_vars\fR and \fBdebug_weaknames\fR sections is not
  1028. currently supported.
  1029. .RE
  1030. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-depth=\fR\fIn\fR" 4
  1031. .IX Item "--dwarf-depth=n"
  1032. Limit the dump of the \f(CW\*(C`.debug_info\*(C'\fR section to \fIn\fR children.
  1033. This is only useful with \fB\-\-debug\-dump=info\fR. The default is
  1034. to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for \fIn\fR will also have this
  1035. effect.
  1036. .Sp
  1037. With a non-zero value for \fIn\fR, DIEs at or deeper than \fIn\fR
  1038. levels will not be printed. The range for \fIn\fR is zero-based.
  1039. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-start=\fR\fIn\fR" 4
  1040. .IX Item "--dwarf-start=n"
  1041. Print only DIEs beginning with the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. This is only
  1042. useful with \fB\-\-debug\-dump=info\fR.
  1043. .Sp
  1044. If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header
  1045. information and all DIEs before the \s-1DIE\s0 numbered \fIn\fR. Only
  1046. siblings and children of the specified \s-1DIE\s0 will be printed.
  1047. .Sp
  1048. This can be used in conjunction with \fB\-\-dwarf\-depth\fR.
  1049. .IP "\fB\-\-dwarf\-check\fR" 4
  1050. .IX Item "--dwarf-check"
  1051. Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information.
  1052. .IP "\fB\-G\fR" 4
  1053. .IX Item "-G"
  1054. .PD 0
  1055. .IP "\fB\-\-stabs\fR" 4
  1056. .IX Item "--stabs"
  1057. .PD
  1058. Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the
  1059. contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an
  1060. \&\s-1ELF\s0 file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which
  1061. \&\f(CW\*(C`.stab\*(C'\fR debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an \s-1ELF\s0
  1062. section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are
  1063. interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the \fB\-\-syms\fR
  1064. output.
  1065. .IP "\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4
  1066. .IX Item "--start-address=address"
  1067. Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output
  1068. of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options.
  1069. .IP "\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4
  1070. .IX Item "--stop-address=address"
  1071. Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output
  1072. of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options.
  1073. .IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4
  1074. .IX Item "-t"
  1075. .PD 0
  1076. .IP "\fB\-\-syms\fR" 4
  1077. .IX Item "--syms"
  1078. .PD
  1079. Print the symbol table entries of the file.
  1080. This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR program,
  1081. although the display format is different. The format of the output
  1082. depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main
  1083. types. One looks like this:
  1084. .Sp
  1085. .Vb 2
  1086. \& [ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss
  1087. \& [ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred
  1088. .Ve
  1089. .Sp
  1090. where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry
  1091. in the symbol table, the \fIsec\fR number is the section number, the
  1092. \&\fIfl\fR value are the symbol's flag bits, the \fIty\fR number is the
  1093. symbol's type, the \fIscl\fR number is the symbol's storage class and
  1094. the \fInx\fR value is the number of auxilary entries associated with
  1095. the symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name.
  1096. .Sp
  1097. The other common output format, usually seen with \s-1ELF\s0 based files,
  1098. looks like this:
  1099. .Sp
  1100. .Vb 2
  1101. \& 00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss
  1102. \& 00000000 g .text 00000000 fred
  1103. .Ve
  1104. .Sp
  1105. Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as
  1106. its address). The next field is actually a set of characters and
  1107. spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol. These
  1108. characters are described below. Next is the section with which the
  1109. symbol is associated or \fI*ABS*\fR if the section is absolute (ie
  1110. not connected with any section), or \fI*UND*\fR if the section is
  1111. referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there.
  1112. .Sp
  1113. After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common
  1114. symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size. Finally
  1115. the symbol's name is displayed.
  1116. .Sp
  1117. The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows:
  1118. .RS 4
  1119. .ie n .IP """l""" 4
  1120. .el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4
  1121. .IX Item "l"
  1122. .PD 0
  1123. .ie n .IP """g""" 4
  1124. .el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4
  1125. .IX Item "g"
  1126. .ie n .IP """u""" 4
  1127. .el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4
  1128. .IX Item "u"
  1129. .ie n .IP """!""" 4
  1130. .el .IP "\f(CW!\fR" 4
  1131. .IX Item "!"
  1132. .PD
  1133. The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither
  1134. global nor local (a space) or both global and local (!). A
  1135. symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of reasons, e.g.,
  1136. because it is used for debugging, but it is probably an indication of
  1137. a bug if it is ever both local and global. Unique global symbols are
  1138. a \s-1GNU\s0 extension to the standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol bindings. For such
  1139. a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process
  1140. there is just one symbol with this name and type in use.
  1141. .ie n .IP """w""" 4
  1142. .el .IP "\f(CWw\fR" 4
  1143. .IX Item "w"
  1144. The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space).
  1145. .ie n .IP """C""" 4
  1146. .el .IP "\f(CWC\fR" 4
  1147. .IX Item "C"
  1148. The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space).
  1149. .ie n .IP """W""" 4
  1150. .el .IP "\f(CWW\fR" 4
  1151. .IX Item "W"
  1152. The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A warning
  1153. symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the
  1154. warning symbol is ever referenced.
  1155. .ie n .IP """I""" 4
  1156. .el .IP "\f(CWI\fR" 4
  1157. .IX Item "I"
  1158. .PD 0
  1159. .ie n .IP """i""" 4
  1160. .el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4
  1161. .IX Item "i"
  1162. .PD
  1163. The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function
  1164. to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a
  1165. space).
  1166. .ie n .IP """d""" 4
  1167. .el .IP "\f(CWd\fR" 4
  1168. .IX Item "d"
  1169. .PD 0
  1170. .ie n .IP """D""" 4
  1171. .el .IP "\f(CWD\fR" 4
  1172. .IX Item "D"
  1173. .PD
  1174. The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a
  1175. normal symbol (a space).
  1176. .ie n .IP """F""" 4
  1177. .el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4
  1178. .IX Item "F"
  1179. .PD 0
  1180. .ie n .IP """f""" 4
  1181. .el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4
  1182. .IX Item "f"
  1183. .ie n .IP """O""" 4
  1184. .el .IP "\f(CWO\fR" 4
  1185. .IX Item "O"
  1186. .PD
  1187. The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object
  1188. (O) or just a normal symbol (a space).
  1189. .RE
  1190. .RS 4
  1191. .RE
  1192. .IP "\fB\-T\fR" 4
  1193. .IX Item "-T"
  1194. .PD 0
  1195. .IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR" 4
  1196. .IX Item "--dynamic-syms"
  1197. .PD
  1198. Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only
  1199. meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared
  1200. libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR
  1201. program when given the \fB\-D\fR (\fB\-\-dynamic\fR) option.
  1202. .Sp
  1203. The output format is similar to that produced by the \fB\-\-syms\fR
  1204. option, except that an extra field is inserted before the symbol's
  1205. name, giving the version information associated with the symbol.
  1206. If the version is the default version to be used when resolving
  1207. unversioned references to the symbol then it's displayed as is,
  1208. otherwise it's put into parentheses.
  1209. .IP "\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR" 4
  1210. .IX Item "--special-syms"
  1211. When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be
  1212. special in some way and which would not normally be of interest to the
  1213. user.
  1214. .IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4
  1215. .IX Item "-V"
  1216. .PD 0
  1217. .IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4
  1218. .IX Item "--version"
  1219. .PD
  1220. Print the version number of \fBobjdump\fR and exit.
  1221. .IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4
  1222. .IX Item "-x"
  1223. .PD 0
  1224. .IP "\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR" 4
  1225. .IX Item "--all-headers"
  1226. .PD
  1227. Display all available header information, including the symbol table and
  1228. relocation entries. Using \fB\-x\fR is equivalent to specifying all of
  1229. \&\fB\-a \-f \-h \-p \-r \-t\fR.
  1230. .IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4
  1231. .IX Item "-w"
  1232. .PD 0
  1233. .IP "\fB\-\-wide\fR" 4
  1234. .IX Item "--wide"
  1235. .PD
  1236. Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns.
  1237. Also do not truncate symbol names when they are displayed.
  1238. .IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4
  1239. .IX Item "-z"
  1240. .PD 0
  1241. .IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR" 4
  1242. .IX Item "--disassemble-zeroes"
  1243. .PD
  1244. Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This
  1245. option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like
  1246. any other data.
  1247. .IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4
  1248. .IX Item "@file"
  1249. Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are
  1250. inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR
  1251. does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
  1252. literally, and not removed.
  1253. .Sp
  1254. Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
  1255. character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
  1256. option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a
  1257. backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
  1258. with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional
  1259. @\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.
  1260. .SH "SEE ALSO"
  1261. .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
  1262. \&\fBnm\fR\|(1), \fBreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.
  1263. .SH "COPYRIGHT"
  1264. .IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
  1265. Copyright (c) 1991\-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  1266. .PP
  1267. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
  1268. under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
  1269. or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
  1270. with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
  1271. Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
  1272. section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".