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+/*
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+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
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+ *
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+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR CC0-1.0
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+ */
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+#include <stdio.h>
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+#include <math.h>
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+#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
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+#include "freertos/task.h"
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+#include "driver/ledc.h"
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+#include "esp_err.h"
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+
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+/**
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+ * About this example
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+ *
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+ * This example sets up two RGB LEDs to show how gamma correction can affect towards human eyes.
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+ *
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+ * RGB LED 1: R (IO0), G (IO1), B (IO2)
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+ * Gamma correction is not applied to this LED
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+ *
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+ * RGB LED 2: R (IO3), G (IO4), B (IO5)
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+ * Gamma correction is applied to this LED
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+ *
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+ * You should feel the fade in general is more gradual and smoother on RGB LED 2 than RGB LED 1.
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+ */
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+
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+#define LEDC_TIMER LEDC_TIMER_0
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+#define LEDC_MODE LEDC_LOW_SPEED_MODE
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+
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+#define LEDC_DUTY_RES LEDC_TIMER_13_BIT // Set duty resolution to 13 bits
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+#define LEDC_FREQUENCY (5000) // Frequency in Hertz. Set frequency at 5 kHz
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+
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+// Define two RGB LEDs IOs and channels
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+#define LEDC_RED_IO (0)
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+#define LEDC_GREEN_IO (1)
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+#define LEDC_BLUE_IO (2)
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+#define LEDC_GAMMA_RED_IO (3)
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+#define LEDC_GAMMA_GREEN_IO (4)
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+#define LEDC_GAMMA_BLUE_IO (5)
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+
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+#define LEDC_CHANNEL_RED (LEDC_CHANNEL_0)
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+#define LEDC_CHANNEL_GREEN (LEDC_CHANNEL_1)
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+#define LEDC_CHANNEL_BLUE (LEDC_CHANNEL_2)
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+#define LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_RED (LEDC_CHANNEL_3)
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+#define LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_GREEN (LEDC_CHANNEL_4)
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+#define LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_BLUE (LEDC_CHANNEL_5)
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+
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+// Structure to store R, G, B channels
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+typedef struct {
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+ uint32_t red_channel;
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+ uint32_t green_channel;
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+ uint32_t blue_channel;
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+} rgb_channel_config_t;
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+
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+static rgb_channel_config_t rgb_led_1_channels = {
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+ .red_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_RED,
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+ .green_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GREEN,
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+ .blue_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_BLUE,
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+};
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+
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+static rgb_channel_config_t rgb_led_2_channels = {
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+ .red_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_RED,
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+ .green_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_GREEN,
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+ .blue_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_BLUE,
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+};
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+
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+
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+// Define some colors R, G, B channel PWM duty cycles
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+#define RGB_TO_DUTY(x) (x * (1 << LEDC_DUTY_RES) / 255)
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+
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+#define OFF_R 0
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+#define OFF_G 0
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+#define OFF_B 0
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+
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+// RED - R: 255, G: 0 , B: 0
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+// H: 0 , S: 100, V: 100
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+#define RED_R RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define RED_G RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define RED_B RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+
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+// YELLOW - R: 255, G: 255, B: 0
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+// H: 60 , S: 100, V: 100
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+#define YELLOW_R RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define YELLOW_G RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define YELLOW_B RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+
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+// GREEN - R: 0 , G: 255, B: 0
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+// H: 120, S: 100, V: 100
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+#define GREEN_R RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define GREEN_G RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define GREEN_B RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+
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+// CYAN - R: 0 , G: 255, B: 255
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+// H: 180, S: 100, V: 100
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+#define CYAN_R RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define CYAN_G RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define CYAN_B RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+
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+// BLUE - R: 0 , G: 0 , B: 255
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+// H: 240, S: 100, V: 100
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+#define BLUE_R RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define BLUE_G RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define BLUE_B RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+
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+// MAGENTA - R: 255, G: 0 , B: 255
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+// H: 300, S: 100, V: 100
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+#define MAGENTA_R RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define MAGENTA_G RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define MAGENTA_B RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+
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+// ORANGE - R: 255, G: 128, B: 0
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+// H: 30 , S: 100, V: 100
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+#define ORANGE_R RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define ORANGE_G RGB_TO_DUTY(128)
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+#define ORANGE_B RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+
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+// ROSE PINK - R: 255, G: 0 , B: 128
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+// H: 330, S: 100, V: 100
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+#define ROSE_R RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+#define ROSE_G RGB_TO_DUTY(0)
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+#define ROSE_B RGB_TO_DUTY(128)
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+
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+// BLUEISH PURPLE - R: 178, G: 102, B: 255
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+// H: 270, S: 60, V: 100
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+#define BLUEISH_PURPLE_R RGB_TO_DUTY(178)
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+#define BLUEISH_PURPLE_G RGB_TO_DUTY(102)
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+#define BLUEISH_PURPLE_B RGB_TO_DUTY(255)
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+
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+
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+#if CONFIG_GAMMA_CORRECTION_WITH_LUT
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+// Brightness 0 - 100% gamma correction look up table (gamma = 2.6)
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+// Y = B ^ 2.6
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+// Pre-computed LUT to save some runtime computation
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+static const float gamma_correction_lut[101] = {
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+ 0.000000, 0.000006, 0.000038, 0.000110, 0.000232, 0.000414, 0.000666, 0.000994, 0.001406, 0.001910,
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+ 0.002512, 0.003218, 0.004035, 0.004969, 0.006025, 0.007208, 0.008525, 0.009981, 0.011580, 0.013328,
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+ 0.015229, 0.017289, 0.019512, 0.021902, 0.024465, 0.027205, 0.030125, 0.033231, 0.036527, 0.040016,
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+ 0.043703, 0.047593, 0.051688, 0.055993, 0.060513, 0.065249, 0.070208, 0.075392, 0.080805, 0.086451,
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+ 0.092333, 0.098455, 0.104821, 0.111434, 0.118298, 0.125416, 0.132792, 0.140428, 0.148329, 0.156498,
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+ 0.164938, 0.173653, 0.182645, 0.191919, 0.201476, 0.211321, 0.221457, 0.231886, 0.242612, 0.253639,
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+ 0.264968, 0.276603, 0.288548, 0.300805, 0.313378, 0.326268, 0.339480, 0.353016, 0.366879, 0.381073,
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+ 0.395599, 0.410461, 0.425662, 0.441204, 0.457091, 0.473325, 0.489909, 0.506846, 0.524138, 0.541789,
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+ 0.559801, 0.578177, 0.596920, 0.616032, 0.635515, 0.655374, 0.675610, 0.696226, 0.717224, 0.738608,
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+ 0.760380, 0.782542, 0.805097, 0.828048, 0.851398, 0.875148, 0.899301, 0.923861, 0.948829, 0.974208,
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+ 1.000000,
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+};
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+
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+static uint32_t gamma_correction_calculator(uint32_t duty)
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+{
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+ return gamma_correction_lut[duty * 100 / (1 << LEDC_DUTY_RES)] * (1 << LEDC_DUTY_RES);
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+}
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+#else // !CONFIG_GAMMA_CORRECTION_WITH_LUT
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+#define GAMMA_FACTOR (2.8)
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+
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+static uint32_t gamma_correction_calculator(uint32_t duty)
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+{
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+ return pow((double)duty / (1 << LEDC_DUTY_RES), GAMMA_FACTOR) * (1 << LEDC_DUTY_RES);
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+}
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+#endif // CONFIG_GAMMA_CORRECTION_WITH_LUT
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+
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+
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+static void rgb_set_duty_and_update(rgb_channel_config_t rgb_channels,
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+ uint32_t target_r_duty, uint32_t target_g_duty, uint32_t target_b_duty)
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+{
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_duty(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.red_channel, target_r_duty));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_duty(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.green_channel, target_g_duty));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_duty(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.blue_channel, target_b_duty));
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+
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_update_duty(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.red_channel));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_update_duty(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.green_channel));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_update_duty(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.blue_channel));
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+}
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+
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+static void rgb_set_linear_fade(rgb_channel_config_t rgb_channels,
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+ uint32_t target_r_duty, uint32_t target_g_duty, uint32_t target_b_duty,
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+ uint32_t duration)
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+{
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_fade_with_time(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.red_channel, target_r_duty, duration));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_fade_with_time(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.green_channel, target_g_duty, duration));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_fade_with_time(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.blue_channel, target_b_duty, duration));
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+}
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+
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+static void rgb_set_gamma_curve_fade(rgb_channel_config_t rgb_channels,
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+ uint32_t start_r_duty, uint32_t start_g_duty, uint32_t start_b_duty,
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+ uint32_t target_r_duty, uint32_t target_g_duty, uint32_t target_b_duty,
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+ uint32_t duration)
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+{
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+ const uint32_t linear_fade_segments = 12;
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+ uint32_t actual_fade_ranges;
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+ ledc_fade_param_config_t fade_params_list[SOC_LEDC_GAMMA_CURVE_FADE_RANGE_MAX] = {};
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+
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_fill_multi_fade_param_list(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.red_channel,
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+ start_r_duty, target_r_duty,
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+ linear_fade_segments, duration,
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+ gamma_correction_calculator,
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+ SOC_LEDC_GAMMA_CURVE_FADE_RANGE_MAX,
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+ fade_params_list, &actual_fade_ranges));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_multi_fade(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.red_channel, gamma_correction_calculator(start_r_duty), fade_params_list, actual_fade_ranges));
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+
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_fill_multi_fade_param_list(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.green_channel,
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+ start_g_duty, target_g_duty,
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+ linear_fade_segments, duration,
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+ gamma_correction_calculator,
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+ SOC_LEDC_GAMMA_CURVE_FADE_RANGE_MAX,
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+ fade_params_list, &actual_fade_ranges));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_multi_fade(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.green_channel, gamma_correction_calculator(start_g_duty), fade_params_list, actual_fade_ranges));
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+
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_fill_multi_fade_param_list(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.blue_channel,
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+ start_b_duty, target_b_duty,
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+ linear_fade_segments, duration,
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+ gamma_correction_calculator,
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+ SOC_LEDC_GAMMA_CURVE_FADE_RANGE_MAX,
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+ fade_params_list, &actual_fade_ranges));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_set_multi_fade(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.blue_channel, gamma_correction_calculator(start_b_duty), fade_params_list, actual_fade_ranges));
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+}
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+
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+static void rgb_fade_start(rgb_channel_config_t rgb_channels)
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+{
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_fade_start(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.red_channel, LEDC_FADE_NO_WAIT));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_fade_start(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.green_channel, LEDC_FADE_NO_WAIT));
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_fade_start(LEDC_MODE, rgb_channels.blue_channel, LEDC_FADE_NO_WAIT));
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+}
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+
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+static void example_rgb_ledc_init(void)
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+{
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+ // Prepare and then apply the LEDC PWM timer configuration
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+ ledc_timer_config_t ledc_timer = {
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+ .speed_mode = LEDC_MODE,
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+ .timer_num = LEDC_TIMER,
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+ .duty_resolution = LEDC_DUTY_RES,
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+ .freq_hz = LEDC_FREQUENCY, // Set output frequency at 5 kHz
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+ .clk_cfg = LEDC_AUTO_CLK
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+ };
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_timer_config(&ledc_timer));
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+
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+ // Prepare and then apply the LEDC PWM configuration to the six channels
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+ ledc_channel_config_t ledc_channel = {
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+ .speed_mode = LEDC_MODE,
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+ .timer_sel = LEDC_TIMER,
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+ .intr_type = LEDC_INTR_DISABLE,
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+ .duty = 0, // Set initial duty to 0%
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+ .hpoint = 0
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+ };
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+ ledc_channel.channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_RED;
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+ ledc_channel.gpio_num = LEDC_RED_IO;
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_channel_config(&ledc_channel));
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+ ledc_channel.channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GREEN;
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+ ledc_channel.gpio_num = LEDC_GREEN_IO;
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_channel_config(&ledc_channel));
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+ ledc_channel.channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_BLUE;
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+ ledc_channel.gpio_num = LEDC_BLUE_IO;
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_channel_config(&ledc_channel));
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+ ledc_channel.channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_RED;
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+ ledc_channel.gpio_num = LEDC_GAMMA_RED_IO;
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_channel_config(&ledc_channel));
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+ ledc_channel.channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_GREEN;
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+ ledc_channel.gpio_num = LEDC_GAMMA_GREEN_IO;
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_channel_config(&ledc_channel));
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+ ledc_channel.channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_GAMMA_BLUE;
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+ ledc_channel.gpio_num = LEDC_GAMMA_BLUE_IO;
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+ ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ledc_channel_config(&ledc_channel));
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+}
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+
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+static void example_set_fade_and_start(uint32_t start_r_duty, uint32_t start_g_duty, uint32_t start_b_duty,
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+ uint32_t target_r_duty, uint32_t target_g_duty, uint32_t target_b_duty,
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+ uint32_t duration)
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+{
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+ rgb_set_linear_fade(rgb_led_1_channels, target_r_duty, target_g_duty, target_b_duty, duration);
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+ rgb_set_gamma_curve_fade(rgb_led_2_channels, start_r_duty, start_g_duty, start_b_duty, target_r_duty, target_g_duty, target_b_duty, duration);
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+ rgb_fade_start(rgb_led_1_channels);
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+ rgb_fade_start(rgb_led_2_channels);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(duration));
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+}
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+
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+void app_main(void)
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+{
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+ example_rgb_ledc_init();
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+ ledc_fade_func_install(0);
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+
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+ // Light up RGB LEDs to GREEN in 500ms
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(OFF_R, OFF_G, OFF_B, GREEN_R, GREEN_G, GREEN_B, 500);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000));
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+
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+ // Dim to OFF in 2000ms
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(GREEN_R, GREEN_G, GREEN_B, OFF_R, OFF_G, OFF_B, 2000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000));
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+
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+ // Set RGB LEDs to BLUEISH_PURPLE color
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+ rgb_set_duty_and_update(rgb_led_1_channels, BLUEISH_PURPLE_R, BLUEISH_PURPLE_G, BLUEISH_PURPLE_B);
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+ rgb_set_duty_and_update(rgb_led_2_channels, gamma_correction_calculator(BLUEISH_PURPLE_R), gamma_correction_calculator(BLUEISH_PURPLE_G), gamma_correction_calculator(BLUEISH_PURPLE_B));
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000));
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+
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+ // Dim to OFF in 5000ms
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(BLUEISH_PURPLE_R, BLUEISH_PURPLE_G, BLUEISH_PURPLE_B, OFF_R, OFF_G, OFF_B, 5000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000));
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+
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+ // Light up to ORANGE in 5000ms
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(OFF_R, OFF_G, OFF_B, ORANGE_R, ORANGE_G, ORANGE_B, 5000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000));
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+
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+ // Fade color to ROSE PINK in 5000ms
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(ORANGE_R, ORANGE_G, ORANGE_B, ROSE_R, ROSE_G, ROSE_B, 5000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(1000));
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+
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+ // Cycle through color spectrum
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+ while (1) {
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(RED_R, RED_G, RED_B, YELLOW_R, YELLOW_G, YELLOW_B, 3000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(5));
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+
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(YELLOW_R, YELLOW_G, YELLOW_B, GREEN_R, GREEN_G, GREEN_B, 3000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(5));
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+
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(GREEN_R, GREEN_G, GREEN_B, CYAN_R, CYAN_G, CYAN_B, 3000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(5));
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+
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(CYAN_R, CYAN_G, CYAN_B, BLUE_R, BLUE_G, BLUE_B, 3000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(5));
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+
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(BLUE_R, BLUE_G, BLUE_B, MAGENTA_R, MAGENTA_G, MAGENTA_B, 3000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(5));
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+
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+ example_set_fade_and_start(MAGENTA_R, MAGENTA_G, MAGENTA_B, RED_R, RED_G, RED_B, 3000);
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+ vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(5));
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+ }
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+}
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Song Ruo Jing