OTA: Add fix in case of URL redirection and a test case of URL redirection

Closes https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/issues/4780

components/esp_https_ota/src/esp_https_ota.c

@@ -71,27 +71,20 @@ static esp_err_t _http_handle_response_code(esp_http_client_handle_t http_client
     }
     
     char upgrade_data_buf[DEFAULT_OTA_BUF_SIZE];
-    /*
-     * `data_read_size` holds number of bytes to be read.
-     * `bytes_read` holds number of bytes read.
-     */
-    int bytes_read = 0, data_read_size = DEFAULT_OTA_BUF_SIZE;
+    // process_again() returns true only in case of redirection.
     if (process_again(status_code)) {
-        while (data_read_size > 0) {
-            int data_read = esp_http_client_read(http_client, (upgrade_data_buf + bytes_read), data_read_size);
+        while (1) {
             /*
-             * As esp_http_client_read never returns negative error code, we rely on
-             * `errno` to check for underlying transport connectivity closure if any
+             *  In case of redirection, esp_http_client_read() is called
+             *  to clear the response buffer of http_client.
              */
-            if (errno == ENOTCONN || errno == ECONNRESET) {
-                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Connection closed, errno = %d", errno);
-                break;
+            int data_read = esp_http_client_read(http_client, upgrade_data_buf, DEFAULT_OTA_BUF_SIZE);
+            if (data_read < 0) {
+                ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error: SSL data read error");
+                return ESP_FAIL;
+            } else if (data_read == 0) {
+                return ESP_OK;
             }
-            bytes_read += data_read;
-            data_read_size -= data_read;
-        }
-        if (data_read_size > 0) {
-            return ESP_FAIL;
         }
     }
     return ESP_OK;

examples/system/ota/advanced_https_ota/example_test.py

@@ -71,19 +71,32 @@ def get_my_ip():
     return my_ip
 
 
-def start_https_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port):
-    os.chdir(ota_image_dir)
+def get_server_status(host_ip, port):
+    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    server_status = sock.connect_ex((host_ip, port))
+    sock.close()
+    if server_status == 0:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def create_file(server_file, file_data):
+    with open(server_file, "w+") as file:
+        file.write(file_data)
 
+
+def get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir):
+    os.chdir(ota_image_dir)
     server_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_cert.pem")
-    cert_file_handle = open(server_file, "w+")
-    cert_file_handle.write(server_cert)
-    cert_file_handle.close()
+    create_file(server_file, server_cert)
 
     key_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_key.pem")
-    key_file_handle = open("server_key.pem", "w+")
-    key_file_handle.write(server_key)
-    key_file_handle.close()
+    create_file(key_file, server_key)
+    return server_file, key_file
 
+
+def start_https_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port):
+    server_file, key_file = get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir)
     httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer((server_ip, server_port),
                                       SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
 
@@ -94,17 +107,37 @@ def start_https_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port):
 
 
 def start_chunked_server(ota_image_dir, server_port):
+    server_file, key_file = get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir)
+    chunked_server = subprocess.Popen(["openssl", "s_server", "-WWW", "-key", key_file, "-cert", server_file, "-port", str(server_port)])
+    return chunked_server
+
+
+def redirect_handler_factory(url):
+    """
+    Returns a request handler class that redirects to supplied `url`
+    """
+    class RedirectHandler(SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
+        def do_GET(self):
+            print("Sending resp, URL: " + url)
+            self.send_response(301)
+            self.send_header('Location', url)
+            self.end_headers()
+
+    return RedirectHandler
+
+
+def start_redirect_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port, redirection_port):
     os.chdir(ota_image_dir)
+    server_file, key_file = get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir)
+    redirectHandler = redirect_handler_factory("https://" + server_ip + ":" + str(redirection_port) + "/advanced_https_ota.bin")
 
-    server_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_cert.pem")
-    cert_file_handle = open(server_file, "w+")
-    cert_file_handle.write(server_cert)
+    httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer((server_ip, server_port),
+                                      redirectHandler)
 
-    key_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_key.pem")
-    key_file_handle = open("server_key.pem", "w+")
-    key_file_handle.write(server_key)
-    chunked_server = subprocess.Popen(["openssl", "s_server", "-WWW", "-key", key_file, "-cert", server_file, "-port", str(server_port)])
-    return chunked_server
+    httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket,
+                                   keyfile=key_file,
+                                   certfile=server_file, server_side=True)
+    httpd.serve_forever()
 
 
 @ttfw_idf.idf_example_test(env_tag="Example_WIFI")
@@ -120,6 +153,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example(env, extra_data):
     dut1 = env.get_dut("advanced_https_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/advanced_https_ota", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
     # Number of iterations to validate OTA
     iterations = 3
+    server_port = 8001
     # File to be downloaded. This file is generated after compilation
     bin_name = "advanced_https_ota.bin"
     # check and log bin size
@@ -129,9 +163,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example(env, extra_data):
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("advanced_https_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
-    thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, 8001))
-    thread1.daemon = True
-    thread1.start()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     for i in range(iterations):
         dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
@@ -143,8 +178,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example(env, extra_data):
             thread1.close()
         dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-        print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + bin_name))
-        dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + bin_name)
+        print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + bin_name))
+        dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + bin_name)
         dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=60)
         dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
         dut1.reset()
@@ -162,6 +197,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_bin(env, extra_d
       4. Check working of code if bin is truncated
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("advanced_https_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/advanced_https_ota", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8001
     # Original binary file generated after compilation
     bin_name = "advanced_https_ota.bin"
     # Truncated binary file to be generated from original binary file
@@ -182,6 +218,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_bin(env, extra_d
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("advanced_https_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
     try:
@@ -191,8 +231,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_bin(env, extra_d
         raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
     dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + truncated_bin_name))
-    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + truncated_bin_name)
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name)
     dut1.expect("Image validation failed, image is corrupted", timeout=30)
     os.remove(binary_file)
 
@@ -209,6 +249,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_header(env, extr
       4. Check working of code if headers are not sent completely
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("advanced_https_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/advanced_https_ota", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8001
     # Original binary file generated after compilation
     bin_name = "advanced_https_ota.bin"
     # Truncated binary file to be generated from original binary file
@@ -228,6 +269,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_header(env, extr
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("advanced_https_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
     try:
@@ -237,8 +282,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_header(env, extr
         raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
     dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + truncated_bin_name))
-    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + truncated_bin_name)
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name)
     dut1.expect("advanced_https_ota_example: esp_https_ota_read_img_desc failed", timeout=30)
     os.remove(binary_file)
 
@@ -255,6 +300,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_random(env, extra_data):
       4. Check working of code for random binary file
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("advanced_https_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/advanced_https_ota", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8001
     # Random binary file to be generated
     random_bin_name = "random.bin"
     # Size of random binary file. 32000 is choosen, to reduce the time required to run the test-case
@@ -273,6 +319,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_random(env, extra_data):
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("advanced_https_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
     try:
@@ -282,8 +332,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_random(env, extra_data):
         raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
     dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + random_bin_name))
-    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8001/" + random_bin_name)
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + random_bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + random_bin_name)
     dut1.expect("esp_ota_ops: OTA image has invalid magic byte", timeout=10)
     os.remove(binary_file)
 
@@ -327,9 +377,59 @@ def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_chunked(env, extra_data):
     os.remove(os.path.join(dut1.app.binary_path, "server_key.pem"))
 
 
+@ttfw_idf.idf_example_test(env_tag="Example_WIFI")
+def test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_redirect_url(env, extra_data):
+    """
+    This is a positive test case, which starts a server and a redirection server.
+    Redirection server redirects http_request to different port
+    Number of iterations can be specified in variable iterations.
+    steps: |
+      1. join AP
+      2. Fetch OTA image over HTTPS
+      3. Reboot with the new OTA image
+    """
+    dut1 = env.get_dut("advanced_https_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/advanced_https_ota", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8001
+    # Port to which the request should be redirecetd
+    redirection_server_port = 8081
+    # File to be downloaded. This file is generated after compilation
+    bin_name = "advanced_https_ota.bin"
+    # check and log bin size
+    binary_file = os.path.join(dut1.app.binary_path, bin_name)
+    bin_size = os.path.getsize(binary_file)
+    ttfw_idf.log_performance("advanced_https_ota_bin_size", "{}KB".format(bin_size // 1024))
+    ttfw_idf.check_performance("advanced_https_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
+    # start test
+    host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
+    thread2 = Thread(target=start_redirect_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, redirection_server_port, server_port))
+    thread2.daemon = True
+    thread2.start()
+    dut1.start_app()
+    dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
+    try:
+        ip_address = dut1.expect(re.compile(r" sta ip: ([^,]+),"), timeout=30)
+        print("Connected to AP with IP: {}".format(ip_address))
+    except DUT.ExpectTimeout:
+        raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
+        thread1.close()
+        thread2.close()
+    dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
+
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(redirection_server_port) + "/" + bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(redirection_server_port) + "/" + bin_name)
+    dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=60)
+    dut1.expect("Starting Advanced OTA example", timeout=30)
+    dut1.reset()
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example()
     test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_chunked()
+    test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_redirect_url()
     test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_bin()
     test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_truncated_header()
     test_examples_protocol_advanced_https_ota_example_random()

examples/system/ota/native_ota_example/example_test.py

@@ -71,19 +71,32 @@ def get_my_ip():
     return my_ip
 
 
-def start_https_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port):
-    os.chdir(ota_image_dir)
+def get_server_status(host_ip, port):
+    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    server_status = sock.connect_ex((host_ip, port))
+    sock.close()
+    if server_status == 0:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def create_file(server_file, file_data):
+    with open(server_file, "w+") as file:
+        file.write(file_data)
 
+
+def get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir):
+    os.chdir(ota_image_dir)
     server_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_cert.pem")
-    cert_file_handle = open(server_file, "w+")
-    cert_file_handle.write(server_cert)
-    cert_file_handle.close()
+    create_file(server_file, server_cert)
 
     key_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_key.pem")
-    key_file_handle = open("server_key.pem", "w+")
-    key_file_handle.write(server_key)
-    key_file_handle.close()
+    create_file(key_file, server_key)
+    return server_file, key_file
+
 
+def start_https_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port):
+    server_file, key_file = get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir)
     httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer((server_ip, server_port),
                                       SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
 
@@ -94,17 +107,7 @@ def start_https_server(ota_image_dir, server_ip, server_port):
 
 
 def start_chunked_server(ota_image_dir, server_port):
-    os.chdir(ota_image_dir)
-
-    server_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_cert.pem")
-    cert_file_handle = open(server_file, "w+")
-    cert_file_handle.write(server_cert)
-    cert_file_handle.close()
-
-    key_file = os.path.join(ota_image_dir, "server_key.pem")
-    key_file_handle = open("server_key.pem", "w+")
-    key_file_handle.write(server_key)
-    key_file_handle.close()
+    server_file, key_file = get_ca_cert(ota_image_dir)
     chunked_server = subprocess.Popen(["openssl", "s_server", "-WWW", "-key", key_file, "-cert", server_file, "-port", str(server_port)])
     return chunked_server
 
@@ -120,6 +123,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example(env, extra_data):
       3. Reboot with the new OTA image
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("native_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/native_ota_example", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8002
     # No. of times working of application to be validated
     iterations = 3
     # File to be downloaded. This file is generated after compilation
@@ -131,9 +135,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example(env, extra_data):
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("native_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
-    thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, 8002))
-    thread1.daemon = True
-    thread1.start()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     for i in range(iterations):
         dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
@@ -145,8 +150,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example(env, extra_data):
             thread1.close()
         dut1.expect("Starting OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-        print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + bin_name))
-        dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + bin_name)
+        print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + bin_name))
+        dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + bin_name)
         dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=60)
         dut1.expect("Starting OTA example", timeout=30)
         dut1.reset()
@@ -164,6 +169,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_truncated_bin(env, extra_data):
       4. Check working of code if bin is truncated
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("native_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/native_ota_example", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8002
     # Original binary file generated after compilation
     bin_name = "native_ota.bin"
     # Truncated binary file to be generated from original binary file
@@ -184,6 +190,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_truncated_bin(env, extra_data):
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("native_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
     try:
@@ -193,8 +203,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_truncated_bin(env, extra_data):
         raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
     dut1.expect("Starting OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + truncated_bin_name))
-    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + truncated_bin_name)
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name)
     dut1.expect("native_ota_example: Image validation failed, image is corrupted", timeout=20)
     os.remove(binary_file)
 
@@ -211,6 +221,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_truncated_header(env, extra_data):
       4. Check working of code if headers are not sent completely
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("native_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/native_ota_example", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8002
     # Original binary file generated after compilation
     bin_name = "native_ota.bin"
     # Truncated binary file to be generated from original binary file
@@ -230,6 +241,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_truncated_header(env, extra_data):
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("native_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
     try:
@@ -239,8 +254,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_truncated_header(env, extra_data):
         raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
     dut1.expect("Starting OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + truncated_bin_name))
-    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + truncated_bin_name)
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + truncated_bin_name)
     dut1.expect("native_ota_example: received package is not fit len", timeout=20)
     os.remove(binary_file)
 
@@ -257,6 +272,7 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_random(env, extra_data):
       4. Check working of code for random binary file
     """
     dut1 = env.get_dut("native_ota_example", "examples/system/ota/native_ota_example", dut_class=ttfw_idf.ESP32DUT)
+    server_port = 8002
     # Random binary file to be generated
     random_bin_name = "random.bin"
     # Size of random binary file. 32000 is choosen, to reduce the time required to run the test-case
@@ -275,6 +291,10 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_random(env, extra_data):
     ttfw_idf.check_performance("native_ota_bin_size", bin_size // 1024)
     # start test
     host_ip = get_my_ip()
+    if (get_server_status(host_ip, server_port) is False):
+        thread1 = Thread(target=start_https_server, args=(dut1.app.binary_path, host_ip, server_port))
+        thread1.daemon = True
+        thread1.start()
     dut1.start_app()
     dut1.expect("Loaded app from partition at offset", timeout=30)
     try:
@@ -284,8 +304,8 @@ def test_examples_protocol_native_ota_example_random(env, extra_data):
         raise ValueError('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot connect to AP')
     dut1.expect("Starting OTA example", timeout=30)
 
-    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + random_bin_name))
-    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":8002/" + random_bin_name)
+    print("writing to device: {}".format("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + random_bin_name))
+    dut1.write("https://" + host_ip + ":" + str(server_port) + "/" + random_bin_name)
     dut1.expect("esp_ota_ops: OTA image has invalid magic byte", timeout=20)
     os.remove(binary_file)