esp-idf/components/vfs/vfs.c

// Copyright 2015-2017 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) PTE LTD
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include "esp_vfs.h"
#include "esp_log.h"

/*
 * File descriptors visible by the applications are composed of two parts.
 * Lower CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS bits are used for the actual file descriptor.
 * Next (16 - CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS - 1) bits are used to identify the VFS this
 * descriptor corresponds to.
 * Highest bit is zero.
 * We can only use 16 bits because newlib stores file descriptor as short int.
 */

#ifndef CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS
#define CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS 12
#endif

#define MAX_VFS_ID_BITS (16 - CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS - 1)
// mask of actual file descriptor (e.g. 0x00000fff)
#define VFS_FD_MASK     ((1 << CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS) - 1)
// max number of VFS entries
#define VFS_MAX_COUNT   ((1 << MAX_VFS_ID_BITS) - 1)
// mask of VFS id (e.g. 0x00007000)
#define VFS_INDEX_MASK  (VFS_MAX_COUNT << CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS)
#define VFS_INDEX_S     CONFIG_MAX_FD_BITS

#define LEN_PATH_PREFIX_IGNORED SIZE_MAX /* special length value for VFS which is never recognised by open() */

typedef struct vfs_entry_ {
    esp_vfs_t vfs;          // contains pointers to VFS functions
    char path_prefix[ESP_VFS_PATH_MAX]; // path prefix mapped to this VFS
    size_t path_prefix_len; // micro-optimization to avoid doing extra strlen
    void* ctx;              // optional pointer which can be passed to VFS
    int offset;             // index of this structure in s_vfs array
} vfs_entry_t;

static vfs_entry_t* s_vfs[VFS_MAX_COUNT] = { 0 };
static size_t s_vfs_count = 0;

static esp_err_t esp_vfs_register_common(const char* base_path, size_t len, const esp_vfs_t* vfs, void* ctx, int *p_minimum_fd, int *p_maximum_fd)
{
    if (len != LEN_PATH_PREFIX_IGNORED) {
        if ((len != 0 && len < 2) || (len > ESP_VFS_PATH_MAX)) {
            return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
        }
        if ((len > 0 && base_path[0] != '/') || base_path[len - 1] == '/') {
            return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
        }
    }
    vfs_entry_t *entry = (vfs_entry_t*) malloc(sizeof(vfs_entry_t));
    if (entry == NULL) {
        return ESP_ERR_NO_MEM;
    }
    size_t index;
    for (index = 0; index < s_vfs_count; ++index) {
        if (s_vfs[index] == NULL) {
            break;
        }
    }
    if (index == s_vfs_count) {
        if (s_vfs_count >= VFS_MAX_COUNT) {
            free(entry);
            return ESP_ERR_NO_MEM;
        }
        ++s_vfs_count;
    }
    s_vfs[index] = entry;
    if (len != LEN_PATH_PREFIX_IGNORED) {
        strcpy(entry->path_prefix, base_path); // we have already verified argument length
    } else {
        bzero(entry->path_prefix, sizeof(entry->path_prefix));
    }
    memcpy(&entry->vfs, vfs, sizeof(esp_vfs_t));
    entry->path_prefix_len = len;
    entry->ctx = ctx;
    entry->offset = index;

    if (p_minimum_fd != NULL) {
        *p_minimum_fd = index << VFS_INDEX_S;
    }
    if (p_maximum_fd != NULL) {
        *p_maximum_fd = (index + 1) << VFS_INDEX_S;
    }

    return ESP_OK;
}

esp_err_t esp_vfs_register(const char* base_path, const esp_vfs_t* vfs, void* ctx)
{
    return esp_vfs_register_common(base_path, strlen(base_path), vfs, ctx, NULL, NULL);
}

esp_err_t esp_vfs_register_socket_space(const esp_vfs_t *vfs, void *ctx, int *p_min_fd, int *p_max_fd)
{
    return esp_vfs_register_common("", LEN_PATH_PREFIX_IGNORED, vfs, ctx, p_min_fd, p_max_fd);
}

esp_err_t esp_vfs_unregister(const char* base_path)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < s_vfs_count; ++i) {
        vfs_entry_t* vfs = s_vfs[i];
        if (vfs == NULL) {
            continue;
        }
        if (memcmp(base_path, vfs->path_prefix, vfs->path_prefix_len) == 0) {
            free(vfs);
            s_vfs[i] = NULL;
            return ESP_OK;
        }
    }
    return ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
}

static const vfs_entry_t* get_vfs_for_fd(int fd)
{
    int index = ((fd & VFS_INDEX_MASK) >> VFS_INDEX_S);
    if (index >= s_vfs_count) {
        return NULL;
    }
    return s_vfs[index];
}

static int translate_fd(const vfs_entry_t* vfs, int fd)
{
    if (vfs->vfs.flags & ESP_VFS_FLAG_SHARED_FD_SPACE) {
        return fd;
    } else {
        return fd & VFS_FD_MASK;
    }
}

static const char* translate_path(const vfs_entry_t* vfs, const char* src_path)
{
    assert(strncmp(src_path, vfs->path_prefix, vfs->path_prefix_len) == 0);
    if (strlen(src_path) == vfs->path_prefix_len) {
        // special case when src_path matches the path prefix exactly
        return "/";
    }
    return src_path + vfs->path_prefix_len;
}

static const vfs_entry_t* get_vfs_for_path(const char* path)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* best_match = NULL;
    ssize_t best_match_prefix_len = -1;
    size_t len = strlen(path);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < s_vfs_count; ++i) {
        const vfs_entry_t* vfs = s_vfs[i];
        if (!vfs || vfs->path_prefix_len == LEN_PATH_PREFIX_IGNORED) {
            continue;
        }
        // match path prefix
        if (len < vfs->path_prefix_len ||
            memcmp(path, vfs->path_prefix, vfs->path_prefix_len) != 0) {
            continue;
        }
        // this is the default VFS and we don't have a better match yet.
        if (vfs->path_prefix_len == 0 && !best_match) {
            best_match = vfs;
            continue;
        }
        // if path is not equal to the prefix, expect to see a path separator
        // i.e. don't match "/data" prefix for "/data1/foo.txt" path
        if (len > vfs->path_prefix_len &&
                path[vfs->path_prefix_len] != '/') {
            continue;
        }
        // Out of all matching path prefixes, select the longest one;
        // i.e. if "/dev" and "/dev/uart" both match, for "/dev/uart/1" path,
        // choose "/dev/uart",
        // This causes all s_vfs_count VFS entries to be scanned when opening
        // a file by name. This can be optimized by introducing a table for
        // FS search order, sorted so that longer prefixes are checked first.
        if (best_match_prefix_len < (ssize_t) vfs->path_prefix_len) {
            best_match_prefix_len = (ssize_t) vfs->path_prefix_len;
            best_match = vfs;
        }
    }
    return best_match;
}

/*
 * Using huge multi-line macros is never nice, but in this case
 * the only alternative is to repeat this chunk of code (with different function names)
 * for each syscall being implemented. Given that this define is contained within a single
 * file, this looks like a good tradeoff.
 *
 * First we check if syscall is implemented by VFS (corresponding member is not NULL),
 * then call the right flavor of the method (e.g. open or open_p) depending on
 * ESP_VFS_FLAG_CONTEXT_PTR flag. If ESP_VFS_FLAG_CONTEXT_PTR is set, context is passed
 * in as first argument and _p variant is used for the call.
 * It is enough to check just one of them for NULL, as both variants are part of a union.
 */
#define CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, pvfs, func, ...) \
    if (pvfs->vfs.func == NULL) { \
        __errno_r(r) = ENOSYS; \
        return -1; \
    } \
    if (pvfs->vfs.flags & ESP_VFS_FLAG_CONTEXT_PTR) { \
        ret = (*pvfs->vfs.func ## _p)(pvfs->ctx, __VA_ARGS__); \
    } else { \
        ret = (*pvfs->vfs.func)(__VA_ARGS__);\
    }


#define CHECK_AND_CALLV(r, pvfs, func, ...) \
    if (pvfs->vfs.func == NULL) { \
        __errno_r(r) = ENOSYS; \
        return; \
    } \
    if (pvfs->vfs.flags & ESP_VFS_FLAG_CONTEXT_PTR) { \
        (*pvfs->vfs.func ## _p)(pvfs->ctx, __VA_ARGS__); \
    } else { \
        (*pvfs->vfs.func)(__VA_ARGS__);\
    }

#define CHECK_AND_CALLP(ret, r, pvfs, func, ...) \
    if (pvfs->vfs.func == NULL) { \
        __errno_r(r) = ENOSYS; \
        return NULL; \
    } \
    if (pvfs->vfs.flags & ESP_VFS_FLAG_CONTEXT_PTR) { \
        ret = (*pvfs->vfs.func ## _p)(pvfs->ctx, __VA_ARGS__); \
    } else { \
        ret = (*pvfs->vfs.func)(__VA_ARGS__);\
    }

int esp_vfs_open(struct _reent *r, const char * path, int flags, int mode)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(path);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* path_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, path);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, open, path_within_vfs, flags, mode);
    if (ret < 0) {
        return ret;
    }
    return ret + (vfs->offset << VFS_INDEX_S);
}

ssize_t esp_vfs_write(struct _reent *r, int fd, const void * data, size_t size)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    ssize_t ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, write, local_fd, data, size);
    return ret;
}

off_t esp_vfs_lseek(struct _reent *r, int fd, off_t size, int mode)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    off_t ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, lseek, local_fd, size, mode);
    return ret;
}

ssize_t esp_vfs_read(struct _reent *r, int fd, void * dst, size_t size)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    ssize_t ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, read, local_fd, dst, size);
    return ret;
}


int esp_vfs_close(struct _reent *r, int fd)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, close, local_fd);
    return ret;
}

int esp_vfs_fstat(struct _reent *r, int fd, struct stat * st)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, fstat, local_fd, st);
    return ret;
}

int esp_vfs_stat(struct _reent *r, const char * path, struct stat * st)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(path);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* path_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, path);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, stat, path_within_vfs, st);
    return ret;
}

int esp_vfs_link(struct _reent *r, const char* n1, const char* n2)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(n1);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs2 = get_vfs_for_path(n2);
    if (vfs != vfs2) {
        __errno_r(r) = EXDEV;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* path1_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, n1);
    const char* path2_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, n2);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, link, path1_within_vfs, path2_within_vfs);
    return ret;
}

int esp_vfs_unlink(struct _reent *r, const char *path)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(path);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* path_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, path);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, unlink, path_within_vfs);
    return ret;
}

int esp_vfs_rename(struct _reent *r, const char *src, const char *dst)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(src);
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs_dst = get_vfs_for_path(dst);
    if (vfs != vfs_dst) {
        __errno_r(r) = EXDEV;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* src_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, src);
    const char* dst_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, dst);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, rename, src_within_vfs, dst_within_vfs);
    return ret;
}

DIR* opendir(const char* name)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(name);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return NULL;
    }
    const char* path_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, name);
    DIR* ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALLP(ret, r, vfs, opendir, path_within_vfs);
    if (ret != NULL) {
        ret->dd_vfs_idx = vfs->offset << VFS_INDEX_S;
    }
    return ret;
}

struct dirent* readdir(DIR* pdir)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(pdir->dd_vfs_idx);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
       __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return NULL;
    }
    struct dirent* ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALLP(ret, r, vfs, readdir, pdir);
    return ret;
}

int readdir_r(DIR* pdir, struct dirent* entry, struct dirent** out_dirent)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(pdir->dd_vfs_idx);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        errno = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, readdir_r, pdir, entry, out_dirent);
    return ret;
}

long telldir(DIR* pdir)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(pdir->dd_vfs_idx);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        errno = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    long ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, telldir, pdir);
    return ret;
}

void seekdir(DIR* pdir, long loc)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(pdir->dd_vfs_idx);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        errno = EBADF;
        return;
    }
    CHECK_AND_CALLV(r, vfs, seekdir, pdir, loc);
}

void rewinddir(DIR* pdir)
{
    seekdir(pdir, 0);
}

int closedir(DIR* pdir)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(pdir->dd_vfs_idx);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        errno = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, closedir, pdir);
    return ret;
}

int mkdir(const char* name, mode_t mode)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(name);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* path_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, name);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, mkdir, path_within_vfs, mode);
    return ret;
}

int rmdir(const char* name)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_path(name);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = ENOENT;
        return -1;
    }
    const char* path_within_vfs = translate_path(vfs, name);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, rmdir, path_within_vfs);
    return ret;
}

int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, ...)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    int ret;
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, cmd);
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, fcntl, local_fd, cmd, args);
    va_end(args);
    return ret;
}

int ioctl(int fd, int cmd, ...)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    int ret;
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, cmd);
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, ioctl, local_fd, cmd, args);
    va_end(args);
    return ret;
}

int fsync(int fd)
{
    const vfs_entry_t* vfs = get_vfs_for_fd(fd);
    struct _reent* r = __getreent();
    if (vfs == NULL) {
        __errno_r(r) = EBADF;
        return -1;
    }
    int local_fd = translate_fd(vfs, fd);
    int ret;
    CHECK_AND_CALL(ret, r, vfs, fsync, local_fd);
    return ret;
}