Finish duplicate-since-1970 moves

Finish moving to ‘backzone’ location-based zones whose
timestamps since 1970 are duplicates; adjust links accordingly.
As usual, this change affects only pre-1970 timestamps.
In this round the affected zones are Antarctica/Vostok,
Asia/Brunei, Asia/Kuala_Lumpur, Atlantic/Reykjavik,
Europe/Amsterdam, Europe/Copenhagen, Europe/Luxembourg,
Europe/Monaco, Europe/Oslo, Europe/Stockholm, Indian/Christmas,
Indian/Cocos, Indian/Kerguelen, Indian/Mahe, Indian/Reunion,
Pacific/Chuuk, Pacific/Funafuti, Pacific/Majuro, Pacific/Pohnpei,
Pacific/Wake and Pacific/Wallis, and the affected links are
Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, Iceland, Pacific/Ponape,
Pacific/Truk, and Pacific/Yap.

NEWS

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes
     Rename Europe/Kiev to Europe/Kyiv.
     New zic -R option
     Vanguard form now uses %z.
-    Move nine more duplicate-since-1970 zones to 'backzone'.
+    Finish moving duplicate-since-1970 zones to 'backzone'.
     New build option PACKRATLIST
     New tailored_tarballs target, replacing rearguard_tarballs
 
@@ -18,15 +18,19 @@ Unreleased, experimental changes
 
   Changes to past timestamps
 
-    Continue moving to 'backzone' location-based zones whose
+    Finish moving to 'backzone' the location-based zones whose
     timestamps since 1970 are duplicates; adjust links accordingly.
     This change ordinarily affects only pre-1970 timestamps, and with
     the new PACKRATLIST option it does not affect any timestamps.
     In this round the affected zones are Antarctica/Vostok,
     Asia/Brunei, Asia/Kuala_Lumpur, Atlantic/Reykjavik,
     Europe/Amsterdam, Europe/Copenhagen, Europe/Luxembourg,
-    Europe/Monaco, Europe/Oslo, and the affected links are
-    Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, and Iceland.
+    Europe/Monaco, Europe/Oslo, Europe/Stockholm, Indian/Christmas,
+    Indian/Cocos, Indian/Kerguelen, Indian/Mahe, Indian/Reunion,
+    Pacific/Chuuk, Pacific/Funafuti, Pacific/Majuro, Pacific/Pohnpei,
+    Pacific/Wake and Pacific/Wallis, and the affected links are
+    Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, Iceland, Pacific/Ponape,
+    Pacific/Truk, and Pacific/Yap.
 
     From fall 1994 through fall 1995, Shanks wrote that Crimea's
     DST transitions were at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00.

africa

@@ -1312,21 +1312,9 @@ Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey		# Niger
 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo	# Benin
 
 # Réunion
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
-			4:00	-	+04
-#
-# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
-# The following information about them is taken from
-# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
-# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
-# We have no info about their time zone histories.
+# See Asia/Dubai.
 #
-# Bassas da India - uninhabited
-# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
-# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
-# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
-# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
+# The Crozet Islands also observe Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
 
 # Rwanda
 # See Africa/Maputo.
@@ -1371,28 +1359,7 @@ Zone	Africa/Sao_Tome	 0:26:56 -	LMT	1884
 # See Africa/Abidjan.
 
 # Seychelles
-
-# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
-# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01.
-#
-# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237)
-# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571
-# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571
-#
-# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):
-# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689
-# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st
-# January, 1907."
-
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1907 Jan  1 # Victoria
-			4:00	-	+04
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
-# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
-# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
-# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976.  We don't know
-# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
-# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
+# See Asia/Dubai.
 
 # Sierra Leone
 # See Africa/Abidjan.

antarctica

@@ -157,9 +157,7 @@ Zone Antarctica/Mawson	0	-	-00	1954 Feb 13
 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
 #	fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
 #
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
-			5:00	-	+05
+# Kerguelen - see Indian/Maldives.
 #
 # year-round base in the main continent
 # Dumont d'Urville - see Pacific/Port_Moresby.

asia

@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Yangon	6:24:47 -	LMT	1880        # or Rangoon
 			6:30	-	+0630	1942 May
 			9:00	-	+09	1945 May  3
 			6:30	-	+0630
+Link Asia/Yangon Indian/Cocos
 
 # Cambodia
 # See Asia/Bangkok.
@@ -2754,6 +2755,7 @@ Link Asia/Kuching Asia/Brunei
 Zone	Indian/Maldives	4:54:00 -	LMT	1880 # Malé
 			4:54:00	-	MMT	1960 # Malé Mean Time
 			5:00	-	+05
+Link Indian/Maldives Indian/Kerguelen
 
 # Mongolia
 
@@ -3833,6 +3835,7 @@ Zone	Asia/Bangkok	6:42:04	-	LMT	1880
 			7:00	-	+07
 Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh	# Cambodia
 Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane	# Laos
+Link Asia/Bangkok Indian/Christmas
 
 # Turkmenistan
 # From Shanks & Pottenger.
@@ -3848,6 +3851,8 @@ Zone	Asia/Ashgabat	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Ashkhabad
 Zone	Asia/Dubai	3:41:12 -	LMT	1920
 			4:00	-	+04
 Link Asia/Dubai Asia/Muscat	# Oman
+Link Asia/Dubai Indian/Mahe
+Link Asia/Dubai Indian/Reunion
 
 # Uzbekistan
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53.

australasia

@@ -252,16 +252,10 @@ Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0	-	-00	1899 Nov
 			10:00	AT	AE%sT
 
 # Christmas
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
-			7:00	-	+07
+# See Asia/Bangkok.
 
 # Cocos (Keeling) Is
-# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
-# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
-			6:30	-	+0630
+# See Asia/Yangon.
 
 
 # Fiji
@@ -478,6 +472,11 @@ Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Tarawa	 11:32:04 -	LMT	1901 # Bairiki
 			 12:00	-	+12
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Funafuti
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Majuro
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Wake
+Link Pacific/Tarawa Pacific/Wallis
+
 Zone Pacific/Kanton	  0	-	-00	1937 Aug 31
 			-12:00	-	-12	1979 Oct
 			-11:00	-	-11	1994 Dec 31
@@ -491,15 +490,8 @@ Zone Pacific/Kiritimati	-10:29:20 -	LMT	1901
 # See Pacific/Guam.
 
 # Marshall Is
+# See Pacific/Tarawa for most locations.
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Majuro	 11:24:48 -	LMT	1901
-			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
-			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
-			 11:00	-	+11	1937
-			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
-			  9:00	-	+09	1944 Jan 30
-			 11:00	-	+11	1969 Oct
-			 12:00	-	+12
 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein	 11:09:20 -	LMT	1901
 			 11:00	-	+11	1937
 			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
@@ -509,22 +501,9 @@ Zone Pacific/Kwajalein	 11:09:20 -	LMT	1901
 			 12:00	-	+12
 
 # Micronesia
+# For Chuuk and Yap see Pacific/Port_Moresby.
+# For Pohnpei see Pacific/Guadalcanal.
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Chuuk	-13:52:52 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
-			 10:07:08 -	LMT	1901
-			 10:00	-	+10	1914 Oct
-			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
-			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
-			  9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug
-			 10:00	-	+10
-Zone Pacific/Pohnpei	-13:27:08 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31	# Kolonia
-			 10:32:52 -	LMT	1901
-			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
-			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
-			 11:00	-	+11	1937
-			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
-			  9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug
-			 11:00	-	+11
 Zone Pacific/Kosrae	-13:08:04 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 10:51:56 -	LMT	1901
 			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
@@ -594,12 +573,12 @@ Rule	Chatham	2008	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:45s	0	-
 Zone Pacific/Auckland	11:39:04 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
 			11:30	NZ	NZ%sT	1946 Jan  1
 			12:00	NZ	NZ%sT
+Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
+
 Zone Pacific/Chatham	12:13:48 -	LMT	1868 Nov  2
 			12:15	-	+1215	1946 Jan  1
 			12:45	Chatham	+1245/+1345
 
-Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
-
 # Auckland Is
 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
 # and scientific personnel have wintered
@@ -694,6 +673,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 -	LMT	1880
 			9:48:32	-	PMMT	1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
 			10:00	-	+10
 Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Antarctica/DumontDUrville
+Link Pacific/Port_Moresby Pacific/Chuuk
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
 # Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have
@@ -821,6 +801,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Apia	 12:33:04 -	LMT	1892 Jul  5
 # Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 -	LMT	1912 Oct # Honiara
 			11:00	-	+11
+Link Pacific/Guadalcanal Pacific/Pohnpei
 
 # Tokelau
 #
@@ -861,9 +842,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Tongatapu	12:19:12 -	LMT	1945 Sep 10
 			13:00	Tonga	+13/+14
 
 # Tuvalu
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
-			12:00	-	+12
+# See Pacific/Tarawa.
 
 
 # US minor outlying islands
@@ -922,9 +901,7 @@ Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
 
 # Wake
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Pacific/Wake	11:06:28 -	LMT	1901
-			12:00	-	+12
+# See Pacific/Tarawa.
 
 
 # Vanuatu
@@ -963,9 +940,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Efate	11:13:16 -	LMT	1912 Jan 13 # Vila
 			11:00	Vanuatu	+11/+12
 
 # Wallis and Futuna
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
-			12:00	-	+12
+# See Pacific/Tarawa.
 
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -1879,13 +1854,6 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # Like the Ladrones (see Guam commentary), assume the Spanish East Indies
 # kept American time until the Philippines switched at the end of 1844.
 
-# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16),
-# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk'
-# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10."
-#
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11
-# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
-
 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
 # The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
 # The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26)
@@ -2224,26 +2192,6 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # For now, guess that DST is discontinued.  That's what the IATA is guessing.
 
 
-# Wake
-
-# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
-# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
-#
-# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ...  The time was all the
-# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
-# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays.  Furthermore, we
-# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
-# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
-# impossible.
-#
-# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm
-
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
-# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
-
-# See also the commentary for Micronesia.
-
-
 ###############################################################################
 
 # The International Date Line

backward

@@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ Link	America/Denver		Navajo
 Link	Asia/Shanghai		PRC
 Link	Pacific/Kanton		Pacific/Enderbury
 Link	Pacific/Honolulu	Pacific/Johnston
-Link	Pacific/Pohnpei		Pacific/Ponape
+Link	Pacific/Guadalcanal	Pacific/Ponape
 Link	Pacific/Pago_Pago	Pacific/Samoa
-Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Truk
-Link	Pacific/Chuuk		Pacific/Yap
+Link	Pacific/Port_Moresby	Pacific/Truk
+Link	Pacific/Port_Moresby	Pacific/Yap
 Link	Europe/Warsaw		Poland
 Link	Europe/Lisbon		Portugal
 Link	Asia/Taipei		ROC

backzone

@@ -1412,6 +1412,62 @@ Zone	Europe/Skopje	1:25:44	-	LMT	1884
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
 
+# Sweden
+
+# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
+#
+# The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
+# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
+# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at
+# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
+# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm".  The law is dated 1878-05-31.
+#
+# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30"
+# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time.  Less 12 minutes gives the
+# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
+#
+# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk
+# författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning
+# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at
+# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English
+# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west
+# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated
+# 1899-06-16.  In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time
+# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT.
+#
+# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states
+# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is
+# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00....
+# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later".
+#
+# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish
+# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are
+# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available
+# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type
+# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
+# the Sök-button).
+#
+# (2001-05-13):
+#
+# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00
+# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show
+# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time.  The article also reports that some
+# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already
+# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another
+# hour before the event took place.
+#
+# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
+
+# An extra-special abbreviation style is SET for Swedish Time (svensk
+# normaltid) 1879-1899, 3° west of the Stockholm Observatory.
+
+Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
+			1:00:14	-	SET	1900 Jan  1 # Swedish Time
+			1:00	-	CET	1916 May 14 23:00
+			1:00	1:00	CEST	1916 Oct  1  1:00
+			1:00	-	CET	1980
+			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+
 
 # Moldova / Transnistria
 Zone	Europe/Tiraspol	1:58:32	-	LMT	1880
@@ -1452,14 +1508,87 @@ Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul
 			3:00	1:00	EAST	1954 May 29 23:00s
 			3:00	-	EAT
 
+# Christmas
+Zone Indian/Christmas	7:02:52 -	LMT	1895 Feb
+			7:00	-	+07
+
+# Cocos (Keeling) Is
+# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
+# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
+Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
+			6:30	-	+0630
+
 # Comoros
 Zone	Indian/Comoro	2:53:04 -	LMT	1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
 			3:00	-	EAT
 
+# Kerguelen
+Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
+			5:00	-	+05
+
+# Seychelles
+#
+# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
+# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01.
+#
+# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237)
+# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571
+# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):
+# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689
+# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st
+# January, 1907."
+
+Zone	Indian/Mahe	3:41:48 -	LMT	1907 Jan  1 # Victoria
+			4:00	-	+04
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
+# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
+# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
+# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976.  We don't know
+# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
+# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
+
+
 # Mayotte
 Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
 			3:00	-	EAT
 
+# Réunion
+Zone	Indian/Reunion	3:41:52 -	LMT	1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
+			4:00	-	+04
+#
+# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
+# The following information about them is taken from
+# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
+# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
+# We have no info about their time zone histories.
+#
+# Bassas da India - uninhabited
+# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
+# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
+# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
+# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
+
+# Micronesia
+# Also see Pacific/Pohnpei and commentary for Micronesia in 'australasia'.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
+# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16),
+# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk'
+# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10."
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11
+# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
+Zone Pacific/Chuuk	-13:52:52 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
+			 10:07:08 -	LMT	1901
+			 10:00	-	+10	1914 Oct
+			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
+			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
+			  9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug
+			 10:00	-	+10
+Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Truk
+Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Yap
+
 # Phoenix Islands, Kiribati
 # From Paul Eggert (2021-05-27):
 # Enderbury was inhabited 1860/1880s to mine guano, and 1938-03-06/1942-02-09
@@ -1472,9 +1601,23 @@ Zone Pacific/Enderbury	0	-	-00	1860
 			-12:00	-	-12	1942 Feb  9
 			0	-	-00
 
+# Tuvalu
+Zone Pacific/Funafuti	11:56:52 -	LMT	1901
+			12:00	-	+12
+
 # Johnston
 Zone Pacific/Johnston	-10:00	-	HST
 
+# Marshall Is
+Zone Pacific/Majuro	 11:24:48 -	LMT	1901
+			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
+			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
+			 11:00	-	+11	1937
+			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
+			  9:00	-	+09	1944 Jan 30
+			 11:00	-	+11	1969 Oct
+			 12:00	-	+12
+
 # Midway
 #
 # From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):
@@ -1492,6 +1635,18 @@ Zone Pacific/Midway	-11:49:28 -	LMT	1901
 			-11:00	1:00	-10	1956 Sep  2
 			-11:00	-	-11
 
+# Micronesia
+# Also see Pacific/Chuuk and commentary for Micronesia in 'australasia'.
+Zone Pacific/Pohnpei	-13:27:08 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31	# Kolonia
+			 10:32:52 -	LMT	1901
+			 11:00	-	+11	1914 Oct
+			  9:00	-	+09	1919 Feb  1
+			 11:00	-	+11	1937
+			 10:00	-	+10	1941 Apr  1
+			  9:00	-	+09	1945 Aug
+			 11:00	-	+11
+Link Pacific/Pohnpei Pacific/Ponape
+
 # N Mariana Is
 Zone Pacific/Saipan	-14:17:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			 9:43:00 -	LMT	1901
@@ -1499,6 +1654,33 @@ Zone Pacific/Saipan	-14:17:00 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
 			10:00	-	+10	2000 Dec 23
 			10:00	-	ChST	# Chamorro Standard Time
 
+
+# Wake
+
+# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
+# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
+#
+# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ...  The time was all the
+# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
+# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays.  Furthermore, we
+# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
+# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
+# impossible.
+#
+# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
+# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
+
+# Also see commentary for Micronesia in 'australasia'.
+Zone	Pacific/Wake	11:06:28 -	LMT	1901
+			12:00	-	+12
+
+
+# Wallis and Futuna
+Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
+			12:00	-	+12
+
 # Local Variables:
 # coding: utf-8
 # End:

europe

@@ -1025,7 +1025,8 @@ Zone	Europe/Prague	0:57:44 -	LMT	1850
 # End of rearguard section.
 			1:00	Czech	CE%sT	1979
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
-# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
+Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
+
 
 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
 # For Denmark see Europe/Berlin.
@@ -1446,21 +1447,8 @@ Zone	Europe/Berlin	0:53:28 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 Link Europe/Berlin Arctic/Longyearbyen
 Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Copenhagen
 Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Oslo
+Link Europe/Berlin Europe/Stockholm
 
-# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
-# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
-# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
-# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
-# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
-# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
-#
-# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980:
-# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
-
-# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
-# Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
-
-Link	Europe/Zurich	Europe/Busingen
 
 # Georgia
 # Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi.
@@ -1701,14 +1689,14 @@ Zone	Europe/Rome	0:49:56 -	LMT	1866 Dec 12
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Jun  4
 			1:00	Italy	CE%sT	1980
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
+
 
 # Kosovo
 # See Europe/Belgrade.
 
 
-Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/Vatican
-Link	Europe/Rome	Europe/San_Marino
-
 # Latvia
 
 # From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17):
@@ -1792,7 +1780,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Riga	1:36:34	-	LMT	1880
 			2:00	EU	EE%sT
 
 # Liechtenstein
-Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
+# See Europe/Zurich.
 
 
 # Lithuania
@@ -3309,7 +3297,7 @@ Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje	# North Macedonia
 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb	# Croatia
 
 # Slovakia
-Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
+# See Europe/Prague.
 
 # Slovenia
 # See Europe/Belgrade.
@@ -3420,61 +3408,7 @@ Zone	Atlantic/Canary	-1:01:36 -	LMT	1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
 # Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU.
 
 # Sweden
-
-# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
-#
-# The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
-# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
-# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at
-# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
-# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm".  The law is dated 1878-05-31.
-#
-# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30"
-# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time.  Less 12 minutes gives the
-# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
-#
-# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk
-# författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning
-# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at
-# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English
-# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west
-# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated
-# 1899-06-16.  In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time
-# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT.
-#
-# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states
-# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is
-# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00....
-# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later".
-#
-# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish
-# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are
-# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available
-# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type
-# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
-# the Sök-button).
-#
-# (2001-05-13):
-#
-# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00
-# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show
-# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time.  The article also reports that some
-# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already
-# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another
-# hour before the event took place.
-#
-# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
-
-# An extra-special abbreviation style is SET for Swedish Time (svensk
-# normaltid) 1879-1899, 3° west of the Stockholm Observatory.
-
-# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
-			1:00:14	-	SET	1900 Jan  1 # Swedish Time
-			1:00	-	CET	1916 May 14 23:00
-			1:00	1:00	CEST	1916 Oct  1  1:00
-			1:00	-	CET	1980
-			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+# See Europe/Berlin.
 
 # Switzerland
 # From Howse:
@@ -3568,6 +3502,19 @@ Zone Europe/Stockholm	1:12:12 -	LMT	1879 Jan  1
 # 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and
 # legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date.
 
+# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
+# Büsingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
+# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
+# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
+# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
+# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
+#
+# Source for the time in Büsingen 1980:
+# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
+# Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	May	Mon>=1	1:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Swiss	1941	1942	-	Oct	Mon>=1	2:00	0	-
@@ -3576,6 +3523,9 @@ Zone	Europe/Zurich	0:34:08 -	LMT	1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
 			0:29:46	-	BMT	1894 Jun    # Bern Mean Time
 			1:00	Swiss	CE%sT	1981
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen
+Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz
+
 
 # Turkey
 

zone1970.tab

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 #country-
 #codes	coordinates	TZ	comments
 AD	+4230+00131	Europe/Andorra
-AE,OM	+2518+05518	Asia/Dubai
+AE,OM,RE,SC,TF	+2518+05518	Asia/Dubai	UAE, Oman, Réunion, Seychelles, Crozet, Scattered Is
 AF	+3431+06912	Asia/Kabul
 AL	+4120+01950	Europe/Tirane
 AM	+4011+04430	Asia/Yerevan
@@ -121,7 +121,6 @@ CA	+5848-12242	America/Fort_Nelson	MST - BC (Ft Nelson)
 CA	+6043-13503	America/Whitehorse	MST - Yukon (east)
 CA	+6404-13925	America/Dawson	MST - Yukon (west)
 CA	+4916-12307	America/Vancouver	Pacific - BC (most areas)
-CC	-1210+09655	Indian/Cocos
 CH,DE,LI	+4723+00832	Europe/Zurich	Swiss time
 CI,BF,GH,GM,GN,IS,ML,MR,SH,SL,SN,TG	+0519-00402	Africa/Abidjan
 CK	-2114-15946	Pacific/Rarotonga
@@ -134,11 +133,10 @@ CO	+0436-07405	America/Bogota
 CR	+0956-08405	America/Costa_Rica
 CU	+2308-08222	America/Havana
 CV	+1455-02331	Atlantic/Cape_Verde
-CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
 CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia	Cyprus (most areas)
 CY	+3507+03357	Asia/Famagusta	Northern Cyprus
 CZ,SK	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
-DE,DK,NO,SJ	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas), Scandinavia
+DE,DK,NO,SE,SJ	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	Germany (most areas), Scandinavia
 DO	+1828-06954	America/Santo_Domingo
 DZ	+3647+00303	Africa/Algiers
 EC	-0210-07950	America/Guayaquil	Ecuador (mainland)
@@ -152,8 +150,6 @@ ES	+2806-01524	Atlantic/Canary	Canary Islands
 FI,AX	+6010+02458	Europe/Helsinki
 FJ	-1808+17825	Pacific/Fiji
 FK	-5142-05751	Atlantic/Stanley
-FM	+0725+15147	Pacific/Chuuk	Chuuk/Truk, Yap
-FM	+0658+15813	Pacific/Pohnpei	Pohnpei/Ponape
 FM	+0519+16259	Pacific/Kosrae	Kosrae
 FO	+6201-00646	Atlantic/Faroe
 FR,MC	+4852+00220	Europe/Paris
@@ -191,7 +187,7 @@ JO	+3157+03556	Asia/Amman
 JP	+353916+1394441	Asia/Tokyo
 KE,DJ,ER,ET,KM,MG,SO,TZ,UG,YT	-0117+03649	Africa/Nairobi
 KG	+4254+07436	Asia/Bishkek
-KI	+0125+17300	Pacific/Tarawa	Gilbert Islands
+KI,MH,TV,UM,WF	+0125+17300	Pacific/Tarawa	Gilberts, Marshalls, Tuvalu, Wallis & Futuna, Wake
 KI	-0247-17143	Pacific/Kanton	Phoenix Islands
 KI	+0152-15720	Pacific/Kiritimati	Line Islands
 KP	+3901+12545	Asia/Pyongyang
@@ -211,9 +207,8 @@ LV	+5657+02406	Europe/Riga
 LY	+3254+01311	Africa/Tripoli
 MA	+3339-00735	Africa/Casablanca
 MD	+4700+02850	Europe/Chisinau
-MH	+0709+17112	Pacific/Majuro	Marshall Islands (most areas)
 MH	+0905+16720	Pacific/Kwajalein	Kwajalein
-MM	+1647+09610	Asia/Yangon
+MM,CC	+1647+09610	Asia/Yangon
 MN	+4755+10653	Asia/Ulaanbaatar	Mongolia (most areas)
 MN	+4801+09139	Asia/Hovd	Bayan-Ölgii, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
 MN	+4804+11430	Asia/Choibalsan	Dornod, Sükhbaatar
@@ -221,7 +216,7 @@ MO	+221150+1133230	Asia/Macau
 MQ	+1436-06105	America/Martinique
 MT	+3554+01431	Europe/Malta
 MU	-2010+05730	Indian/Mauritius
-MV	+0410+07330	Indian/Maldives
+MV,TF	+0410+07330	Indian/Maldives	Maldives, Kerguelen, St Paul I, Amsterdam I
 MX	+1924-09909	America/Mexico_City	Central Time
 MX	+2105-08646	America/Cancun	Eastern Standard Time - Quintana Roo
 MX	+2058-08937	America/Merida	Central Time - Campeche, Yucatán
@@ -250,7 +245,7 @@ PE	-1203-07703	America/Lima
 PF	-1732-14934	Pacific/Tahiti	Society Islands
 PF	-0900-13930	Pacific/Marquesas	Marquesas Islands
 PF	-2308-13457	Pacific/Gambier	Gambier Islands
-PG,AQ	-0930+14710	Pacific/Port_Moresby	Papua New Guinea (most areas), Dumont d'Urville
+PG,AQ,FM	-0930+14710	Pacific/Port_Moresby	Papua New Guinea (most areas), Chuuk, Yap, Dumont d'Urville
 PG	-0613+15534	Pacific/Bougainville	Bougainville
 PH	+1435+12100	Asia/Manila
 PK	+2452+06703	Asia/Karachi
@@ -266,7 +261,6 @@ PT	+3744-02540	Atlantic/Azores	Azores
 PW	+0720+13429	Pacific/Palau
 PY	-2516-05740	America/Asuncion
 QA,BH	+2517+05132	Asia/Qatar
-RE,TF	-2052+05528	Indian/Reunion	Réunion, Crozet, Scattered Islands
 RO	+4426+02606	Europe/Bucharest
 RS,BA,HR,ME,MK,SI	+4450+02030	Europe/Belgrade
 RU	+5443+02030	Europe/Kaliningrad	MSK-01 - Kaliningrad
@@ -298,10 +292,8 @@ RU	+6728+15343	Asia/Srednekolymsk	MSK+08 - Sakha (E); North Kuril Is
 RU	+5301+15839	Asia/Kamchatka	MSK+09 - Kamchatka
 RU	+6445+17729	Asia/Anadyr	MSK+09 - Bering Sea
 SA,AQ,KW,YE	+2438+04643	Asia/Riyadh	Arabia, Syowa
-SB	-0932+16012	Pacific/Guadalcanal
-SC	-0440+05528	Indian/Mahe
+SB,FM	-0932+16012	Pacific/Guadalcanal	Solomons, Pohnpei
 SD	+1536+03232	Africa/Khartoum
-SE	+5920+01803	Europe/Stockholm
 SG,MY	+0117+10351	Asia/Singapore	Singapore, peninsular Malaysia
 SR	+0550-05510	America/Paramaribo
 SS	+0451+03137	Africa/Juba
@@ -310,8 +302,7 @@ SV	+1342-08912	America/El_Salvador
 SY	+3330+03618	Asia/Damascus
 TC	+2128-07108	America/Grand_Turk
 TD	+1207+01503	Africa/Ndjamena
-TF	-492110+0701303	Indian/Kerguelen	Kerguelen, St Paul Island, Amsterdam Island
-TH,KH,LA,VN	+1345+10031	Asia/Bangkok	Indochina (most areas)
+TH,CX,KH,LA,VN	+1345+10031	Asia/Bangkok	Indochina (most areas)
 TJ	+3835+06848	Asia/Dushanbe
 TK	-0922-17114	Pacific/Fakaofo
 TL	-0833+12535	Asia/Dili
@@ -319,12 +310,10 @@ TM	+3757+05823	Asia/Ashgabat
 TN	+3648+01011	Africa/Tunis
 TO	-210800-1751200	Pacific/Tongatapu
 TR	+4101+02858	Europe/Istanbul
-TV	-0831+17913	Pacific/Funafuti
 TW	+2503+12130	Asia/Taipei
 UA	+5026+03031	Europe/Kyiv	Ukraine (most areas)
 UA	+4837+02218	Europe/Uzhgorod	Transcarpathia
 UA	+4750+03510	Europe/Zaporozhye	Zaporozhye and east Lugansk
-UM	+1917+16637	Pacific/Wake	Wake Island
 US	+404251-0740023	America/New_York	Eastern (most areas)
 US	+421953-0830245	America/Detroit	Eastern - MI (most areas)
 US	+381515-0854534	America/Kentucky/Louisville	Eastern - KY (Louisville area)
@@ -360,6 +349,5 @@ UZ	+4120+06918	Asia/Tashkent	Uzbekistan (east)
 VE	+1030-06656	America/Caracas
 VN	+1045+10640	Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	Vietnam (south)
 VU	-1740+16825	Pacific/Efate
-WF	-1318-17610	Pacific/Wallis
 WS	-1350-17144	Pacific/Apia
 ZA,LS,SZ	-2615+02800	Africa/Johannesburg